The standard codon table is given below.


UUU	F/Phe Phenylalanine	UCU	S/Ser Serine	UAU	Y/Tyr Tyrosine	UGU	C/Cys Cysteine
UUC	F/Phe Phenylalanine	UCC		UAC	Y/Tyr Tyrosine	UGC	C/Cys Cysteine
UUA	L/Leu Leucine	UCA		UAA	* Ochre Stop	UGA	* Opal Stop
UUG		UCG		UAG	* Amber Stop	UGG	W/Trp Tryptophan
CUU		CCU	P/Pro Proline	CAU	H/His Histidine	CGU	R/Arg Arginine
CUC		CCC		CAC	H/His Histidine	CGC
CUA		CCA		CAA	Q/Gln Glutamine	CGA
CUG		CCG		CAG	Q/Gln Glutamine	CGG
AUU	I/Ile Isoleucine	ACU	T/Thr Threonine	AAU	N/Asn Asparagine	AGU	S/Ser Serine
AUC		ACC		AAC	N/Asn Asparagine	AGC	S/Ser Serine
AUA		ACA		AAA	K/Lys Lysine	AGA	R/Arg Arginine
AUG	M/Met Methionine	ACG		AAG	K/Lys Lysine	AGG	R/Arg Arginine
GUU	V/Val Valine	GCU	A/Ala Alanine	GAU	D/Asp Aspartic acid	GGU	G/Gly Glycine
GUC		GCC		GAC	D/Asp Aspartic acid	GGC
GUA		GCA		GAA	E/Glu Glutamic acid	GGA
GUG		GCG		GAG	E/Glu Glutamic acid	GGG

Cells are colored fro the amino acid from hydrophobic (blue) to hydrophilic (red) according to the order given in Lenstra 2015 and the HTML color code gradient (inverse HSV Gradient) was generated from http://www.perbang.dk/rgbgradient/.

DNA sequences are transcribed into mRNA by RNA polymerase II.

Codons that code for amino acids on the mRNA are recognized by tRNA's which are used by the Ribosome to produce polypeptides.

The codon table is not universal. However, variants are similar to the standard table with very few changes. Many of the known variants are mitochondrial which has a small genome and is possibly more likely to undergo stochastic codon changes.

Bacteria and phages can use alternative tables to defend against infection or to promote viral replication.