Inbreeding (population sense)

An assumption of Hardy–Weinberg genotype proportions is alleles are paired independently of each other. This can be referred to as random mating in a popualtion.

[math]F_{IS} = \frac{H_S - H_I}{H_S}[/math]

where

[math]H_I[/math] is the observed frequency of heterozygous genotypes in a popualtion. ([math]I[/math] refers to Individual.)

[math]H_S = 2 p (1 - p) [/math] is the expected frequency of heterozygous genotypes in a popualtion. In this example it is given for the case where there are only two alleles. ([math]S[/math] refers to Subpopulation.)

[math]F_{IS}[/math] can be incorporated into expectations of genotype frequencies by adjusting Hardy–Weinberg proportions.