http://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Floyd&feedformat=atomHawaiʻi Reed Lab - User contributions [en]2024-03-29T08:18:40ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.32.0http://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Institutional_Biosafety_Committee&diff=82Institutional Biosafety Committee2019-07-26T20:07:12Z<p>Floyd: Created page with "Our genetic engineering work has to have IBC approval. I am collecting some information here about this. *https://www.hawaii.edu/researchcompliance/ibc"</p>
<hr />
<div>Our genetic engineering work has to have IBC approval. I am collecting some information here about this. <br />
<br />
*https://www.hawaii.edu/researchcompliance/ibc</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=81Main Page2019-07-26T20:04:52Z<p>Floyd: /* Resources */</p>
<hr />
<div>A website for the Hawaiʻi Reed Lab. We are experimenting with porting our site over to a wiki format. <br />
<br />
=About=<br />
<br />
=People=<br />
*[[User:Maria|Maria Costantini]]<br />
*[[User:Floyd|Floyd A. Reed]]<br />
*[[User:Helen|Helen Sung]]<br />
*[[User:Justin|Justin Walguarnery]]<br />
*[[User:Michael|Michael Wallstrom]]<br />
<br />
=Projects=<br />
*[[Safe and Reversible Gene Drive]]<br />
*[[Collector Urchin Genomics]]<br />
*[[Hawaiian Sponges]]<br />
*[[Wolbachia Population Suppression]]<br />
*[[Honeycreeper Diet and Microbiome]]<br />
*[[Hawaiian Solitary Bees]]<br />
*[[Crocodile Hybridization]]<br />
*[[Cancer Genetics]]<br />
<br />
=Resources=<br />
*[[Institutional Biosafety Committee]]</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=80Main Page2019-07-19T21:33:16Z<p>Floyd: /* People */</p>
<hr />
<div>A website for the Hawaiʻi Reed Lab. We are experimenting with porting our site over to a wiki format. <br />
<br />
=About=<br />
<br />
=People=<br />
*[[User:Maria|Maria Costantini]]<br />
*[[User:Floyd|Floyd A. Reed]]<br />
*[[User:Helen|Helen Sung]]<br />
*[[User:Justin|Justin Walguarnery]]<br />
*[[User:Michael|Michael Wallstrom]]<br />
<br />
=Projects=<br />
*[[Safe and Reversible Gene Drive]]<br />
*[[Collector Urchin Genomics]]<br />
*[[Hawaiian Sponges]]<br />
*[[Wolbachia Population Suppression]]<br />
*[[Honeycreeper Diet and Microbiome]]<br />
*[[Hawaiian Solitary Bees]]<br />
*[[Crocodile Hybridization]]<br />
*[[Cancer Genetics]]<br />
<br />
=Resources=</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=79Main Page2019-07-19T21:28:04Z<p>Floyd: /* Projects */</p>
<hr />
<div>A website for the Hawaiʻi Reed Lab. We are experimenting with porting our site over to a wiki format. <br />
<br />
=About=<br />
<br />
=People=<br />
*Maria Costantini<br />
*Glenn Galvizo<br />
*Kamalani Oshiro<br />
*[[User:Floyd|Floyd A. Reed]]<br />
*Helen Sung<br />
*Justin Walguarnery<br />
*[[User:Michael|Michael Wallstrom]]<br />
<br />
=Projects=<br />
*[[Safe and Reversible Gene Drive]]<br />
*[[Collector Urchin Genomics]]<br />
*[[Hawaiian Sponges]]<br />
*[[Wolbachia Population Suppression]]<br />
*[[Honeycreeper Diet and Microbiome]]<br />
*[[Hawaiian Solitary Bees]]<br />
*[[Crocodile Hybridization]]<br />
*[[Cancer Genetics]]<br />
<br />
=Resources=</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=78Main Page2019-07-19T21:27:48Z<p>Floyd: /* Projects */</p>
<hr />
<div>A website for the Hawaiʻi Reed Lab. We are experimenting with porting our site over to a wiki format. <br />
<br />
=About=<br />
<br />
=People=<br />
*Maria Costantini<br />
*Glenn Galvizo<br />
*Kamalani Oshiro<br />
*[[User:Floyd|Floyd A. Reed]]<br />
*Helen Sung<br />
*Justin Walguarnery<br />
*[[User:Michael|Michael Wallstrom]]<br />
<br />
=Projects=<br />
*[[Safe and Reversible Gene Drive]]<br />
*[[Collector Urchin Genomics]]<br />
*[[Hawaiian Sponges]]<br />
*[[Wolbachia Population Suppression]]<br />
*[[Honeycreeper Microbiome]]<br />
*[[Hawaiian Solitary Bees]]<br />
*[[Crocodile Hybridization]]<br />
*[[Cancer Genetics]]<br />
<br />
=Resources=</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=User:Michael&diff=77User:Michael2019-05-31T00:19:27Z<p>Floyd: /* Introduction: Michael Wallstrom */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[File:wallstrom.jpg|200px|thumb|left|alt text]]<br />
== Introduction: Michael Wallstrom ==<br />
<br />
Aloha, my name is Michael Wallstrom. I am currently investigating the interactions of Porifera and invasive macro algal mats in the disrupted ecosystem of Maunalua Bay, Oʻahu, Hawaiʻi. Maunalua Bay has seen a dramatic shift in the ecosystem due to sedimentation and submarine ground water discharge that has allowed for an invasive macro alga to dominate the benthic substrate. These algal mats have recruited a unique community of sponges; however, little is known about these sponges. Currently we are using DNA barcoding to determine whether these sponges are endemic, native, or non-native species. The results will help in understanding degraded ecosystems and their potential to facilitate native species.</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=User:Michael&diff=76User:Michael2019-05-31T00:18:13Z<p>Floyd: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[File:wallstrom.jpg|200px|thumb|left|alt text]]<br />
== Introduction: Michael Wallstrom ==<br />
<br />
Aloha, my name is Michael Wallstrom. I am currently investigating the interactions of Porifera and invasive macro algal mats in the disrupted ecosystem of Maunalua Bay, Oahu, Hawaii. Maunalua Bay has seen a dramatic shift in the ecosystem due to sedimentation and submarine ground water discharge that has allowed for an invasive macro alga to dominate the benthic substrate. These algal mats have recruited a unique community of sponges; however, little is known about these sponges. Currently we are using DNA barcoding to determine whether these sponges are endemic, native, or non-native species. The results will help in understanding degraded ecosystems and their potential to facilitate native species.</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=File:Wallstrom.jpg&diff=75File:Wallstrom.jpg2019-05-31T00:17:28Z<p>Floyd: Timestamp: 20190506_103610</p>
<hr />
<div>== Summary ==<br />
Timestamp: 20190506_103610</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=74Main Page2019-05-31T00:15:01Z<p>Floyd: /* People */</p>
<hr />
<div>A website for the Hawaiʻi Reed Lab. We are experimenting with porting our site over to a wiki format. <br />
<br />
=About=<br />
<br />
=People=<br />
*Maria Costantini<br />
*Glenn Galvizo<br />
*Kamalani Oshiro<br />
*[[User:Floyd|Floyd A. Reed]]<br />
*Helen Sung<br />
*Justin Walguarnery<br />
*[[User:Michael|Michael Wallstrom]]<br />
<br />
=Projects=<br />
*[[Cancer Genetics]]<br />
<br />
=Resources=</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=User:Michael&diff=73User:Michael2019-05-31T00:14:35Z<p>Floyd: Created page with "== Introduction: Michael Wallstrom == Aloha, my name is Michael Wallstrom. I am currently investigating the interactions of Porifera and invasive macro algal mats in the dis..."</p>
<hr />
<div>== Introduction: Michael Wallstrom ==<br />
<br />
Aloha, my name is Michael Wallstrom. I am currently investigating the interactions of Porifera and invasive macro algal mats in the disrupted ecosystem of Maunalua Bay, Oahu, Hawaii. Maunalua Bay has seen a dramatic shift in the ecosystem due to sedimentation and submarine ground water discharge that has allowed for an invasive macro alga to dominate the benthic substrate. These algal mats have recruited a unique community of sponges; however, little is known about these sponges. Currently we are using DNA barcoding to determine whether these sponges are endemic, native, or non-native species. The results will help in understanding degraded ecosystems and their potential to facilitate native species.</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Aplysilla_rosea&diff=71Aplysilla rosea2019-05-10T23:24:40Z<p>Floyd: Created blank page</p>
<hr />
<div></div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=%CA%BBakikiki&diff=70ʻakikiki2019-05-10T23:10:38Z<p>Floyd: Created blank page</p>
<hr />
<div></div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Morelet%27s_Crocodile&diff=69Morelet's Crocodile2019-05-10T23:06:35Z<p>Floyd: Created blank page</p>
<hr />
<div></div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=User:Floyd&diff=68User:Floyd2019-04-24T04:14:07Z<p>Floyd: </p>
<hr />
<div>I have been fascinated with the sciences, logical inference to see beyond the surface of the world around us, and the process of evolution. While most of our work is focused on the interface of genetics and evolution I also have an interest in other forms such as cultural evolution, language/communication evolution, and hardware evolution. Since college I have also been attracted to the power of genetics and genetic inference. Genetics lies at the crossroads of very diverse fields (adaptation, human history, anthropology, forensics, species conservation, personalized medicine, family history, taxonomy, natural history, chemical synthesis, molecular biology, cell biology, behavior, ''etc''.) and is rapidly changing and extremely productive in moving these fields forward. My work is split between pure research focused on natural history and applied research focused on conservation and human health with population genetics and genetic engineering as a common theme. <br />
<br />
More recently I have developed an interest in connecting population genetics with both quantitative genetics and ecological theory, the history of science, the interaction of science and public opinion, and how our perspectives influence our view and interpretation of the world around us. <br />
<br />
=Education=<br />
*2004, Ph.D., Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University<br />
*1996, B.A. (hons), Department of Biology & Department of Chemistry (double major), Warren Wilson College<br />
<br />
=Employment=<br />
==Current Position==<br />
*2016–present, Associate Professor, Department of Biology, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa<br />
==Past Positions==<br />
*2011–2016, Assistant Professor, Department of Biology, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa<br />
*2008–2011, Independent Group Leader (equivalent to assistant professor), Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology<br />
*2006–2008, Research Associate (postdoc), Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park<br />
*2004–2006, Faculty Research Assistant (postdoc), Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park<br />
*1996–2004, Various Teaching Assistant (TA) and Research Assistant (RA) positions, Cornell University<br />
*1993–1996, Dark Room and Printing Press Operator, Warren Wilson College Print Shop<br />
*1993, Warren Wilson College, Campus Security<br />
*1993, Outdoor Living Skills (OLS) cluster leader, Gwynn Valley summer camp<br />
*1992–1993, Custodian janitor, Western Carolina University<br />
*1992, Day Camp Counselor and Assistant Farm Manager, Gwynn Valley summer camp<br />
*1991–1992, Warren Wilson College, Landscaping<br />
*1990–1991, After school day care, Transylvania County Public Schools<br />
*1989, Cafeteria dishwasher, The Wilds summer camp<br />
*1978–1988, family farm work<br />
<br />
=Publications=<br />
==2018==<br />
*F. A. Reed, T. G. Aquino-Michaels, M. S. Costantini, Á. J. Láruson, & J. T. Sutton. RPM-Drive: A robust, safe, and reversible gene drive system that remains functional after 200+ generations. ''arXiv'' preprint, https://arxiv.org/pdf/1806.05304.pdf<br />
*Á. J. Láruson, S. E. Coppard, M. H. Pespeni, F. A. Reed. Gene expression across tissues, sex, and life stages in the sea urchin ''Tripneustes gratilla'' [Toxopneustidae, Odontophora, Camarodonta]. ''Marine Genomics'' 41: 12–18. doi:10.1016/j.margen.2018.07.002<br />
*S. E. Kingston, P. Martino, M. Melendy, F. A. Reed, and David B. Carlon. Linking genotype to phenotype in a changing ocean: inferring the genomic architecture of a blue mussel stress response with genome-wide association. ''Journal of Evolutionary Biology'' 31(3): 346–361. doi:10.1111/jeb.13224<br />
==2017==<br />
*Bryk, J., Reeves, R. G., Reed, F. A., & Denton, J. A. Transcriptional effects of a positive feedback circuit in ''Drosophila melanogaster''. ''BMC Genomics'' 18(1): 990. https://bmcgenomics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12864-017-4385-z<br />
*F. A. Reed. Evolutionary Genetic Engineering in the Indo-Pacific: Conservation, Humanitarian, and Social Issues. ''arXiv'' preprint, https://arxiv.org/pdf/1706.01710.pdf<br />
*F. A. Reed. CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Drive: Growing Pains for a New Technology. ''Genetics'' 205: 1037–1039. doi:10.1534/genetics.116.198887</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=User:Floyd&diff=67User:Floyd2019-04-24T04:12:53Z<p>Floyd: </p>
<hr />
<div>I have been fascinated with the sciences, logical inference to see beyond the surface of the world around us, and the process of evolution. While most of our work is focused on the interface of genetics and evolution I also have an interest in other forms such as cultural evolution, language/communication evolution, and hardware evolution. Since college I have also been attracted to the power of genetics and genetic inference. Genetics lies at the crossroads of very diverse fields (adaptation, human history, anthropology, forensics, species conservation, personalized medicine, family history, taxonomy, natural history, chemical synthesis, molecular biology, cell biology, behavior, ''etc''.) and is rapidly changing and extremely productive in moving these fields forward. My work is split between pure research focused on natural history and applied research focused on conservation and human health with population genetics and genetic engineering as a common theme. <br />
<br />
More recently I have developed an interest in the history of science, the interaction of science and public opinion, and how our perspectives influence our view and interpretation of the world around us. <br />
<br />
=Education=<br />
*2004, Ph.D., Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University<br />
*1996, B.A. (hons), Department of Biology & Department of Chemistry (double major), Warren Wilson College<br />
<br />
=Employment=<br />
==Current Position==<br />
*2016–present, Associate Professor, Department of Biology, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa<br />
==Past Positions==<br />
*2011–2016, Assistant Professor, Department of Biology, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa<br />
*2008–2011, Independent Group Leader (equivalent to assistant professor), Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology<br />
*2006–2008, Research Associate (postdoc), Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park<br />
*2004–2006, Faculty Research Assistant (postdoc), Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park<br />
*1996–2004, Various Teaching Assistant (TA) and Research Assistant (RA) positions, Cornell University<br />
*1993–1996, Dark Room and Printing Press Operator, Warren Wilson College Print Shop<br />
*1993, Warren Wilson College, Campus Security<br />
*1993, Outdoor Living Skills (OLS) cluster leader, Gwynn Valley summer camp<br />
*1992–1993, Custodian janitor, Western Carolina University<br />
*1992, Day Camp Counselor and Assistant Farm Manager, Gwynn Valley summer camp<br />
*1991–1992, Warren Wilson College, Landscaping<br />
*1990–1991, After school day care, Transylvania County Public Schools<br />
*1989, Cafeteria dishwasher, The Wilds summer camp<br />
*1978–1988, family farm work<br />
<br />
=Publications=<br />
==2018==<br />
*F. A. Reed, T. G. Aquino-Michaels, M. S. Costantini, Á. J. Láruson, & J. T. Sutton. RPM-Drive: A robust, safe, and reversible gene drive system that remains functional after 200+ generations. ''arXiv'' preprint, https://arxiv.org/pdf/1806.05304.pdf<br />
*Á. J. Láruson, S. E. Coppard, M. H. Pespeni, F. A. Reed. Gene expression across tissues, sex, and life stages in the sea urchin ''Tripneustes gratilla'' [Toxopneustidae, Odontophora, Camarodonta]. ''Marine Genomics'' 41: 12–18. doi:10.1016/j.margen.2018.07.002<br />
*S. E. Kingston, P. Martino, M. Melendy, F. A. Reed, and David B. Carlon. Linking genotype to phenotype in a changing ocean: inferring the genomic architecture of a blue mussel stress response with genome-wide association. ''Journal of Evolutionary Biology'' 31(3): 346–361. doi:10.1111/jeb.13224<br />
==2017==<br />
*Bryk, J., Reeves, R. G., Reed, F. A., & Denton, J. A. Transcriptional effects of a positive feedback circuit in ''Drosophila melanogaster''. ''BMC Genomics'' 18(1): 990. https://bmcgenomics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12864-017-4385-z<br />
*F. A. Reed. Evolutionary Genetic Engineering in the Indo-Pacific: Conservation, Humanitarian, and Social Issues. ''arXiv'' preprint, https://arxiv.org/pdf/1706.01710.pdf<br />
*F. A. Reed. CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Drive: Growing Pains for a New Technology. ''Genetics'' 205: 1037–1039. doi:10.1534/genetics.116.198887</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=User:Floyd&diff=66User:Floyd2019-04-24T04:12:20Z<p>Floyd: </p>
<hr />
<div>I have been fascinated with the sciences, logical inference to see beyond the surface of the world around us, and the process of evolution, since an early age. While most of our work is focused on the interface of genetics and evolution I also have an interest in other forms such as cultural evolution, language/communication evolution, and hardware evolution. Since college I have also been attracted to the power of genetics and genetic inference. Genetics lies at the crossroads of very diverse fields (adaptation, human history, anthropology, forensics, species conservation, personalized medicine, family history, taxonomy, natural history, chemical synthesis, molecular biology, cell biology, behavior, ''etc''.) and is rapidly changing and extremely productive in moving these fields forward. My work is split between pure research focused on natural history and applied research focused on conservation and human health with population genetics and genetic engineering as a common theme. <br />
<br />
More recently I have developed an interest in the history of science, the interaction of science and public opinion, and how our perspectives influence our view and interpretation of the world around us. <br />
<br />
=Education=<br />
*2004, Ph.D., Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University<br />
*1996, B.A. (hons), Department of Biology & Department of Chemistry (double major), Warren Wilson College<br />
<br />
=Employment=<br />
==Current Position==<br />
*2016–present, Associate Professor, Department of Biology, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa<br />
==Past Positions==<br />
*2011–2016, Assistant Professor, Department of Biology, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa<br />
*2008–2011, Independent Group Leader (equivalent to assistant professor), Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology<br />
*2006–2008, Research Associate (postdoc), Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park<br />
*2004–2006, Faculty Research Assistant (postdoc), Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park<br />
*1996–2004, Various Teaching Assistant (TA) and Research Assistant (RA) positions, Cornell University<br />
*1993–1996, Dark Room and Printing Press Operator, Warren Wilson College Print Shop<br />
*1993, Warren Wilson College, Campus Security<br />
*1993, Outdoor Living Skills (OLS) cluster leader, Gwynn Valley summer camp<br />
*1992–1993, Custodian janitor, Western Carolina University<br />
*1992, Day Camp Counselor and Assistant Farm Manager, Gwynn Valley summer camp<br />
*1991–1992, Warren Wilson College, Landscaping<br />
*1990–1991, After school day care, Transylvania County Public Schools<br />
*1989, Cafeteria dishwasher, The Wilds summer camp<br />
*1978–1988, family farm work<br />
<br />
=Publications=<br />
==2018==<br />
*F. A. Reed, T. G. Aquino-Michaels, M. S. Costantini, Á. J. Láruson, & J. T. Sutton. RPM-Drive: A robust, safe, and reversible gene drive system that remains functional after 200+ generations. ''arXiv'' preprint, https://arxiv.org/pdf/1806.05304.pdf<br />
*Á. J. Láruson, S. E. Coppard, M. H. Pespeni, F. A. Reed. Gene expression across tissues, sex, and life stages in the sea urchin ''Tripneustes gratilla'' [Toxopneustidae, Odontophora, Camarodonta]. ''Marine Genomics'' 41: 12–18. doi:10.1016/j.margen.2018.07.002<br />
*S. E. Kingston, P. Martino, M. Melendy, F. A. Reed, and David B. Carlon. Linking genotype to phenotype in a changing ocean: inferring the genomic architecture of a blue mussel stress response with genome-wide association. ''Journal of Evolutionary Biology'' 31(3): 346–361. doi:10.1111/jeb.13224<br />
==2017==<br />
*Bryk, J., Reeves, R. G., Reed, F. A., & Denton, J. A. Transcriptional effects of a positive feedback circuit in ''Drosophila melanogaster''. ''BMC Genomics'' 18(1): 990. https://bmcgenomics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12864-017-4385-z<br />
*F. A. Reed. Evolutionary Genetic Engineering in the Indo-Pacific: Conservation, Humanitarian, and Social Issues. ''arXiv'' preprint, https://arxiv.org/pdf/1706.01710.pdf<br />
*F. A. Reed. CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Drive: Growing Pains for a New Technology. ''Genetics'' 205: 1037–1039. doi:10.1534/genetics.116.198887</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Cancer_Genetics&diff=65Cancer Genetics2019-04-24T02:51:45Z<p>Floyd: /* The importance of pure research */</p>
<hr />
<div>I (Floyd Reed) am working on finishing up two manuscripts that touch upon aspects of cancer genetics and recently gave a guest lecture about cancer genetics in an undergraduate biology class. While I am actively thinking about it I want to collect some notes and resources together here. <br />
<br />
=Notes from a guest lecture on cancer genetics=<br />
<br />
Most people have direct personal experience with cancer. Either they themselves, a family member, or a close friend has been affected by cancer. <br />
<br />
Briefly review mitosis and the cell cycle. <br />
<br />
Give an example of the interactions of pRB, E2F, Cyclin D1, and Cdk4. <br />
<br />
Introduce Retinoblastoma.<br />
<br />
Cdk and cyclin amplification (multiple copies) and hyperactivation (overexpression) to oncogenes.<br />
<br />
Introduce p53. <br />
<br />
The discovery of cyclins.<br />
<br />
Cell cycle control regulatory network and Rube-Goldberg Machines<br />
<br />
Self resetting machines. <br />
<br />
wee1- rum1- double mutant.<br />
<br />
Cancer is a breakdown of cellular cooperation in multicellular organisms. <br />
<br />
Cells in multicellular organisms depend extensively on signals from other cells (like growth signals, cell death, etc.).<br />
<br />
Example of Notch Delta<br />
<br />
Enabling processes in the development of cancer. <br />
<br />
Development of a benign tumor. <br />
<br />
Transition of a benign tumor into a malignant tumor. <br />
<br />
Two general gene categories, oncogenes and tumor suppressors.<br />
<br />
What increases the rates of cancer?<br />
<br />
Rous sarcoma virus example. <br />
<br />
Inherited components versus environmental causes. <br />
<br />
Lifetime risk of cancer. <br />
<br />
Rates of cancer over the last 100 years. <br />
<br />
==The lag time between smoking and lung cancer==<br />
<br />
==Cancer incidence and age==<br />
<br />
==Cancer across the tree of life==<br />
===Peto’s paradox===<br />
Several factors have made cancer hard to study in the past. One of these may be that traditional model organisms are, unlike humans, short lived. In many ways cancer is a disease of age and possibly body size. Insights have come from studying a range of non-traditional long-lived species. <br />
<br />
Elephants, Naked Mole Rats, Plants<br />
<br />
===Transmissible cancer=== <br />
<br />
Tasmanian devils, shellfish. <br />
<br />
===Could free living cancer cells survive and evolve?===<br />
<br />
Could cancer cells survive in sea water on their own and escape from their host? (Myxosporea?) <br />
<br />
===Cancer and speciation===<br />
<br />
platyfish-swordtail hybrid melanoma<br />
<br />
===Beyond cells, cancer in super-organisms===<br />
<br />
Broadening our focus: social cancer of super-organisms?<br />
<br />
==The importance of the immune system in cancer==<br />
<br />
==The importance of pure research==<br />
Peyton Rous was interested in natural history and later pathology. He investigated a tumor in a hen brought by a person to the institute where he worked and could not have known that his work would identify oncogenic viruses; it lead him on a path that also identified chemical carcinogens, two distinct stages of carcinogenesis, and ultimately resulted in the Nobel prize (Weiss and Vogt 2011).<br />
<br />
Tim Hunt happened to be working on getting sea urchin eggs to divide without being fertilized and noticed an odd pattern of a protein that appeared and disappeared with each cell division. It is sobering to read Hunt (2015) and Robertson (2015) in the context of current academic research culture, also listen to Al-Khalili (2011) for an audio interview. There were a series of chance events that led to the discovery of cyclins that control the cell cycle, difficulty in getting the scientific community to realize the significance, had implications for understanding cancer, and ultimately resulted in the Nobel Prize.<br />
<br />
More recent breakthroughs have been in the interface between the immune system and cancer. “Neither of the two Nobel Prize winners, Jim Allison and Tasuku Honjo, directly set out to cure cancer – “that wasn’t it at all,” Allison has said – they were trying to understand how the immune system works” (Davis 2019).<br />
<br />
By all means research focused on cancer should be funded from governmental and private sources (donate to the American Cancer Society, https://www.cancer.org/). However, we should also not discount the real breakthroughs that stem from fundamental biological research without immediate applications in mind. If you want to cure cancer fund biology. (The budget for the National Cancer Institute for fiscal year 2019 is $5.74 billion, https://www.cancer.gov/about-nci/budget , by comparison the 2018 fiscal year budget for all "Biological Sciences" by the National Science Foundation is $0.75 billion, https://www.nsf.gov/about/congress/115/highlights/cu18_fy18approps.jsp .)<br />
<br />
==Classes here at UH Mānoa==<br />
<br />
BIOL/MCB 472 Biology of Cancer, Howard Shen.<br />
<br />
=References=<br />
*Aktipis, C. A., Boddy, A. M., Jansen, G., Hibner, U., Hochberg, M. E., Maley, C. C., & Wilkinson, G. S. (2015). Cancer across the tree of life: cooperation and cheating in multicellularity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 370(1673), 20140219.<br />
*Al-Khalili, J. (2011). The Life Scientific: Tim Hunt. BBC Radio 4. BBC. https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0184rfy<br />
*Albuquerque, T. A., Drummond do Val, L., Doherty, A., & de Magalhães, J. P. (2018). From humans to hydra: patterns of cancer across the tree of life. Biological Reviews, 93(3), 1715-1734.<br />
*Callaway, E. (2015). How elephants avoid cancer. Nature, 1038, 18534.<br />
*Choi, C. Q. (2016). In Shellfish, Cancer Can Be Contagious. Live Science https://www.livescience.com/55156-transmissable-cancer-found-in-shellfish.html<br />
*Davidich, M. I., & Bornholdt, S. (2008). Boolean network model predicts cell cycle sequence of fission yeast. PloS one, 3(2), e1672.<br />
*Davis, D. (2020 (article accessed in 2019, date is inaccurate)). Why your immune system is key in the fight against cancer. ''WIRED Health'' https://www.wired.co.uk/article/immune-system-cancer<br />
*Dobata, S., Sasaki, T., Mori, H., Hasegawa, E., Shimada, M., & Tsuji, K. (2011). Persistence of the single lineage of transmissible ‘social cancer’in an asexual ant. Molecular ecology, 20(3), 441-455.<br />
*Doonan, J. H., & Sablowski, R. (2010). Walls around tumours—why plants do not develop cancer. ''Nature Reviews Cancer'', 10(11), 794.<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2000|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2000). The Hallmarks of Cancer. ''Cell'' 100(1): 57–70.]]<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2011|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. ''Cell'' 144(5): 646–674.]]<br />
*Hunt, T. (2015). Pursuing the impossible: an interview with Tim Hunt. BMC biology, 13(1), 64.<br />
*Mannino, A. C., Ruzzon, T., Lercari, S., & Uccelli, S. (1998). The role of scientific institutions in the promotion of biotechnology to the public (school, the mass‐media, entrepreneurs etc). Biochemical Education, 26(1), 52-55.<br />
*Panchin, A. Y., Aleoshin, V. V., & Panchin, Y. V. (2019). From tumors to species: a SCANDAL hypothesis. Biology direct, 14(1), 3.<br />
*Robertson, R. (2015). The discovery of cyclin: the unknown and the unknowable. ''On Biology'' https://blogs.biomedcentral.com/on-biology/2015/08/21/discovery-cyclin-unknown-unknowable/<br />
*Seluanov, A., Gladyshev, V. N., Vijg, J., & Gorbunova, V. (2018). Mechanisms of cancer resistance in long-lived mammals. Nature Reviews Cancer, 1.<br />
*Shahab, L., McGowan, J. A., Waller, J., & Smith, S. G. (2018). Prevalence of beliefs about actual and mythical causes of cancer and their association with socio-demographic and health-related characteristics: Findings from a cross-sectional survey in England. European Journal of Cancer, 103, 308-316.<br />
*Sprinzak, D., Lakhanpal, A., LeBon, L., Garcia-Ojalvo, J., & Elowitz, M. B. (2011). Mutual inactivation of Notch receptors and ligands facilitates developmental patterning. PLoS computational biology, 7(6), e1002069.<br />
*Tyson JJ, Chen K, Novak B. Network dynamics and cell physiology. Natl Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2001;2(12):908–916. doi: 10.1038/35103078.<br />
*Weiss, R. A., & Vogt, P. K. (2011). 100 years of Rous sarcoma virus. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 208(12), 2351-2355.<br />
*Werner, B., Traulsen, A., & Dingli, D. (2016). Ontogenic growth as the root of fundamental differences between childhood and adult cancer. Stem Cells, 34(3), 543-550.</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Cancer_Genetics&diff=64Cancer Genetics2019-04-24T01:38:25Z<p>Floyd: /* The importance of pure research */</p>
<hr />
<div>I (Floyd Reed) am working on finishing up two manuscripts that touch upon aspects of cancer genetics and recently gave a guest lecture about cancer genetics in an undergraduate biology class. While I am actively thinking about it I want to collect some notes and resources together here. <br />
<br />
=Notes from a guest lecture on cancer genetics=<br />
<br />
Most people have direct personal experience with cancer. Either they themselves, a family member, or a close friend has been affected by cancer. <br />
<br />
Briefly review mitosis and the cell cycle. <br />
<br />
Give an example of the interactions of pRB, E2F, Cyclin D1, and Cdk4. <br />
<br />
Introduce Retinoblastoma.<br />
<br />
Cdk and cyclin amplification (multiple copies) and hyperactivation (overexpression) to oncogenes.<br />
<br />
Introduce p53. <br />
<br />
The discovery of cyclins.<br />
<br />
Cell cycle control regulatory network and Rube-Goldberg Machines<br />
<br />
Self resetting machines. <br />
<br />
wee1- rum1- double mutant.<br />
<br />
Cancer is a breakdown of cellular cooperation in multicellular organisms. <br />
<br />
Cells in multicellular organisms depend extensively on signals from other cells (like growth signals, cell death, etc.).<br />
<br />
Example of Notch Delta<br />
<br />
Enabling processes in the development of cancer. <br />
<br />
Development of a benign tumor. <br />
<br />
Transition of a benign tumor into a malignant tumor. <br />
<br />
Two general gene categories, oncogenes and tumor suppressors.<br />
<br />
What increases the rates of cancer?<br />
<br />
Rous sarcoma virus example. <br />
<br />
Inherited components versus environmental causes. <br />
<br />
Lifetime risk of cancer. <br />
<br />
Rates of cancer over the last 100 years. <br />
<br />
==The lag time between smoking and lung cancer==<br />
<br />
==Cancer incidence and age==<br />
<br />
==Cancer across the tree of life==<br />
===Peto’s paradox===<br />
Several factors have made cancer hard to study in the past. One of these may be that traditional model organisms are, unlike humans, short lived. In many ways cancer is a disease of age and possibly body size. Insights have come from studying a range of non-traditional long-lived species. <br />
<br />
Elephants, Naked Mole Rats, Plants<br />
<br />
===Transmissible cancer=== <br />
<br />
Tasmanian devils, shellfish. <br />
<br />
===Could free living cancer cells survive and evolve?===<br />
<br />
Could cancer cells survive in sea water on their own and escape from their host? (Myxosporea?) <br />
<br />
===Cancer and speciation===<br />
<br />
platyfish-swordtail hybrid melanoma<br />
<br />
===Beyond cells, cancer in super-organisms===<br />
<br />
Broadening our focus: social cancer of super-organisms?<br />
<br />
==The importance of the immune system in cancer==<br />
<br />
==The importance of pure research==<br />
Peyton Rous was interested in natural history and later pathology. He investigated a tumor in a hen brought by a woman to the institute where he worked and could not have known that his work would identify oncogenic viruses; it lead him on a path that also identified chemical carcinogens, two distinct stages of carcinogenesis, and ultimately resulted in the Nobel prize (Weiss and Vogt 2011).<br />
<br />
Tim Hunt happened to be working on getting sea urchin eggs to divide without being fertilized and noticed an odd pattern of a protein that appeared and disappeared with each cell division. It is sobering to read Hunt (2015) and Robertson (2015) in the context of current academic research culture, also listen to Al-Khalili (2011) for an audio interview. There were a series of chance events that led to the discovery of cyclins that control the cell cycle, difficulty in getting the scientific community to realize the significance, had implications for understanding cancer, and ultimately resulted in the Nobel Prize.<br />
<br />
More recent breakthroughs have been in the interface between the immune system and cancer. “Neither of the two Nobel Prize winners, Jim Allison and Tasuku Honjo, directly set out to cure cancer – “that wasn’t it at all,” Allison has said – they were trying to understand how the immune system works” (Davis 2019).<br />
<br />
By all means research focused on cancer should be funded from governmental and private sources (donate to the American Cancer Society, https://www.cancer.org/). However, we should also not discount the real breakthroughs that stem from fundamental biological research without immediate applications in mind. If you want to cure cancer fund biology. (The budget for the National Cancer Institute for fiscal year 2019 is $5.74 billion, https://www.cancer.gov/about-nci/budget , by comparison the 2018 fiscal year budget for all "Biological Sciences" by the National Science Foundation is $0.75 billion, https://www.nsf.gov/about/congress/115/highlights/cu18_fy18approps.jsp .)<br />
<br />
==Classes here at UH Mānoa==<br />
<br />
BIOL/MCB 472 Biology of Cancer, Howard Shen.<br />
<br />
=References=<br />
*Aktipis, C. A., Boddy, A. M., Jansen, G., Hibner, U., Hochberg, M. E., Maley, C. C., & Wilkinson, G. S. (2015). Cancer across the tree of life: cooperation and cheating in multicellularity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 370(1673), 20140219.<br />
*Al-Khalili, J. (2011). The Life Scientific: Tim Hunt. BBC Radio 4. BBC. https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0184rfy<br />
*Albuquerque, T. A., Drummond do Val, L., Doherty, A., & de Magalhães, J. P. (2018). From humans to hydra: patterns of cancer across the tree of life. Biological Reviews, 93(3), 1715-1734.<br />
*Callaway, E. (2015). How elephants avoid cancer. Nature, 1038, 18534.<br />
*Choi, C. Q. (2016). In Shellfish, Cancer Can Be Contagious. Live Science https://www.livescience.com/55156-transmissable-cancer-found-in-shellfish.html<br />
*Davidich, M. I., & Bornholdt, S. (2008). Boolean network model predicts cell cycle sequence of fission yeast. PloS one, 3(2), e1672.<br />
*Davis, D. (2020 (article accessed in 2019, date is inaccurate)). Why your immune system is key in the fight against cancer. ''WIRED Health'' https://www.wired.co.uk/article/immune-system-cancer<br />
*Dobata, S., Sasaki, T., Mori, H., Hasegawa, E., Shimada, M., & Tsuji, K. (2011). Persistence of the single lineage of transmissible ‘social cancer’in an asexual ant. Molecular ecology, 20(3), 441-455.<br />
*Doonan, J. H., & Sablowski, R. (2010). Walls around tumours—why plants do not develop cancer. ''Nature Reviews Cancer'', 10(11), 794.<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2000|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2000). The Hallmarks of Cancer. ''Cell'' 100(1): 57–70.]]<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2011|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. ''Cell'' 144(5): 646–674.]]<br />
*Hunt, T. (2015). Pursuing the impossible: an interview with Tim Hunt. BMC biology, 13(1), 64.<br />
*Mannino, A. C., Ruzzon, T., Lercari, S., & Uccelli, S. (1998). The role of scientific institutions in the promotion of biotechnology to the public (school, the mass‐media, entrepreneurs etc). Biochemical Education, 26(1), 52-55.<br />
*Panchin, A. Y., Aleoshin, V. V., & Panchin, Y. V. (2019). From tumors to species: a SCANDAL hypothesis. Biology direct, 14(1), 3.<br />
*Robertson, R. (2015). The discovery of cyclin: the unknown and the unknowable. ''On Biology'' https://blogs.biomedcentral.com/on-biology/2015/08/21/discovery-cyclin-unknown-unknowable/<br />
*Seluanov, A., Gladyshev, V. N., Vijg, J., & Gorbunova, V. (2018). Mechanisms of cancer resistance in long-lived mammals. Nature Reviews Cancer, 1.<br />
*Shahab, L., McGowan, J. A., Waller, J., & Smith, S. G. (2018). Prevalence of beliefs about actual and mythical causes of cancer and their association with socio-demographic and health-related characteristics: Findings from a cross-sectional survey in England. European Journal of Cancer, 103, 308-316.<br />
*Sprinzak, D., Lakhanpal, A., LeBon, L., Garcia-Ojalvo, J., & Elowitz, M. B. (2011). Mutual inactivation of Notch receptors and ligands facilitates developmental patterning. PLoS computational biology, 7(6), e1002069.<br />
*Tyson JJ, Chen K, Novak B. Network dynamics and cell physiology. Natl Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2001;2(12):908–916. doi: 10.1038/35103078.<br />
*Weiss, R. A., & Vogt, P. K. (2011). 100 years of Rous sarcoma virus. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 208(12), 2351-2355.<br />
*Werner, B., Traulsen, A., & Dingli, D. (2016). Ontogenic growth as the root of fundamental differences between childhood and adult cancer. Stem Cells, 34(3), 543-550.</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Cancer_Genetics&diff=63Cancer Genetics2019-04-24T01:26:38Z<p>Floyd: /* The importance of pure research */</p>
<hr />
<div>I (Floyd Reed) am working on finishing up two manuscripts that touch upon aspects of cancer genetics and recently gave a guest lecture about cancer genetics in an undergraduate biology class. While I am actively thinking about it I want to collect some notes and resources together here. <br />
<br />
=Notes from a guest lecture on cancer genetics=<br />
<br />
Most people have direct personal experience with cancer. Either they themselves, a family member, or a close friend has been affected by cancer. <br />
<br />
Briefly review mitosis and the cell cycle. <br />
<br />
Give an example of the interactions of pRB, E2F, Cyclin D1, and Cdk4. <br />
<br />
Introduce Retinoblastoma.<br />
<br />
Cdk and cyclin amplification (multiple copies) and hyperactivation (overexpression) to oncogenes.<br />
<br />
Introduce p53. <br />
<br />
The discovery of cyclins.<br />
<br />
Cell cycle control regulatory network and Rube-Goldberg Machines<br />
<br />
Self resetting machines. <br />
<br />
wee1- rum1- double mutant.<br />
<br />
Cancer is a breakdown of cellular cooperation in multicellular organisms. <br />
<br />
Cells in multicellular organisms depend extensively on signals from other cells (like growth signals, cell death, etc.).<br />
<br />
Example of Notch Delta<br />
<br />
Enabling processes in the development of cancer. <br />
<br />
Development of a benign tumor. <br />
<br />
Transition of a benign tumor into a malignant tumor. <br />
<br />
Two general gene categories, oncogenes and tumor suppressors.<br />
<br />
What increases the rates of cancer?<br />
<br />
Rous sarcoma virus example. <br />
<br />
Inherited components versus environmental causes. <br />
<br />
Lifetime risk of cancer. <br />
<br />
Rates of cancer over the last 100 years. <br />
<br />
==The lag time between smoking and lung cancer==<br />
<br />
==Cancer incidence and age==<br />
<br />
==Cancer across the tree of life==<br />
===Peto’s paradox===<br />
Several factors have made cancer hard to study in the past. One of these may be that traditional model organisms are, unlike humans, short lived. In many ways cancer is a disease of age and possibly body size. Insights have come from studying a range of non-traditional long-lived species. <br />
<br />
Elephants, Naked Mole Rats, Plants<br />
<br />
===Transmissible cancer=== <br />
<br />
Tasmanian devils, shellfish. <br />
<br />
===Could free living cancer cells survive and evolve?===<br />
<br />
Could cancer cells survive in sea water on their own and escape from their host? (Myxosporea?) <br />
<br />
===Cancer and speciation===<br />
<br />
platyfish-swordtail hybrid melanoma<br />
<br />
===Beyond cells, cancer in super-organisms===<br />
<br />
Broadening our focus: social cancer of super-organisms?<br />
<br />
==The importance of the immune system in cancer==<br />
<br />
==The importance of pure research==<br />
Peyton Rous was interested in natural history and later pathology. He investigated a tumor in a hen brought by a woman to the institute where he worked and could not have known that his work would identify oncogenic viruses; it lead him on a path that also identified chemical carcinogens, two distinct stages of carcinogenesis, and ultimately resulted in the Nobel prize (Weiss and Vogt 2011).<br />
<br />
Hunt happened to be working on getting sea urchin eggs to divide without being fertilized and noticed an odd pattern of a protein that appeared and disappeared with each cell division. It is sobering to read Hunt (2015) and Robertson (2015) in the context of current academic research culture, also listen to Al-Khalili (2011) for an audio interview. There were a series of chance events that led to the discovery of cyclins that control the cell cycle, difficulty in getting the scientific community to realize the significance, had implications for understanding cancer, and ultimately resulted in the Nobel Prize.<br />
<br />
More recent breakthroughs have been in the interface between the immune system and cancer. “Neither of the two Nobel Prize winners, Jim Allison and Tasuku Honjo, directly set out to cure cancer – “that wasn’t it at all,” Allison has said – they were trying to understand how the immune system works” (Davis 2019).<br />
<br />
==Classes here at UH Mānoa==<br />
<br />
BIOL/MCB 472 Biology of Cancer, Howard Shen.<br />
<br />
=References=<br />
*Aktipis, C. A., Boddy, A. M., Jansen, G., Hibner, U., Hochberg, M. E., Maley, C. C., & Wilkinson, G. S. (2015). Cancer across the tree of life: cooperation and cheating in multicellularity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 370(1673), 20140219.<br />
*Al-Khalili, J. (2011). The Life Scientific: Tim Hunt. BBC Radio 4. BBC. https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0184rfy<br />
*Albuquerque, T. A., Drummond do Val, L., Doherty, A., & de Magalhães, J. P. (2018). From humans to hydra: patterns of cancer across the tree of life. Biological Reviews, 93(3), 1715-1734.<br />
*Callaway, E. (2015). How elephants avoid cancer. Nature, 1038, 18534.<br />
*Choi, C. Q. (2016). In Shellfish, Cancer Can Be Contagious. Live Science https://www.livescience.com/55156-transmissable-cancer-found-in-shellfish.html<br />
*Davidich, M. I., & Bornholdt, S. (2008). Boolean network model predicts cell cycle sequence of fission yeast. PloS one, 3(2), e1672.<br />
*Davis, D. (2020 (article accessed in 2019, date is inaccurate)). Why your immune system is key in the fight against cancer. ''WIRED Health'' https://www.wired.co.uk/article/immune-system-cancer<br />
*Dobata, S., Sasaki, T., Mori, H., Hasegawa, E., Shimada, M., & Tsuji, K. (2011). Persistence of the single lineage of transmissible ‘social cancer’in an asexual ant. Molecular ecology, 20(3), 441-455.<br />
*Doonan, J. H., & Sablowski, R. (2010). Walls around tumours—why plants do not develop cancer. ''Nature Reviews Cancer'', 10(11), 794.<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2000|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2000). The Hallmarks of Cancer. ''Cell'' 100(1): 57–70.]]<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2011|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. ''Cell'' 144(5): 646–674.]]<br />
*Hunt, T. (2015). Pursuing the impossible: an interview with Tim Hunt. BMC biology, 13(1), 64.<br />
*Mannino, A. C., Ruzzon, T., Lercari, S., & Uccelli, S. (1998). The role of scientific institutions in the promotion of biotechnology to the public (school, the mass‐media, entrepreneurs etc). Biochemical Education, 26(1), 52-55.<br />
*Panchin, A. Y., Aleoshin, V. V., & Panchin, Y. V. (2019). From tumors to species: a SCANDAL hypothesis. Biology direct, 14(1), 3.<br />
*Robertson, R. (2015). The discovery of cyclin: the unknown and the unknowable. ''On Biology'' https://blogs.biomedcentral.com/on-biology/2015/08/21/discovery-cyclin-unknown-unknowable/<br />
*Seluanov, A., Gladyshev, V. N., Vijg, J., & Gorbunova, V. (2018). Mechanisms of cancer resistance in long-lived mammals. Nature Reviews Cancer, 1.<br />
*Shahab, L., McGowan, J. A., Waller, J., & Smith, S. G. (2018). Prevalence of beliefs about actual and mythical causes of cancer and their association with socio-demographic and health-related characteristics: Findings from a cross-sectional survey in England. European Journal of Cancer, 103, 308-316.<br />
*Sprinzak, D., Lakhanpal, A., LeBon, L., Garcia-Ojalvo, J., & Elowitz, M. B. (2011). Mutual inactivation of Notch receptors and ligands facilitates developmental patterning. PLoS computational biology, 7(6), e1002069.<br />
*Tyson JJ, Chen K, Novak B. Network dynamics and cell physiology. Natl Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2001;2(12):908–916. doi: 10.1038/35103078.<br />
*Weiss, R. A., & Vogt, P. K. (2011). 100 years of Rous sarcoma virus. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 208(12), 2351-2355.<br />
*Werner, B., Traulsen, A., & Dingli, D. (2016). Ontogenic growth as the root of fundamental differences between childhood and adult cancer. Stem Cells, 34(3), 543-550.</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Cancer_Genetics&diff=62Cancer Genetics2019-04-24T01:20:24Z<p>Floyd: /* The importance of pure research */</p>
<hr />
<div>I (Floyd Reed) am working on finishing up two manuscripts that touch upon aspects of cancer genetics and recently gave a guest lecture about cancer genetics in an undergraduate biology class. While I am actively thinking about it I want to collect some notes and resources together here. <br />
<br />
=Notes from a guest lecture on cancer genetics=<br />
<br />
Most people have direct personal experience with cancer. Either they themselves, a family member, or a close friend has been affected by cancer. <br />
<br />
Briefly review mitosis and the cell cycle. <br />
<br />
Give an example of the interactions of pRB, E2F, Cyclin D1, and Cdk4. <br />
<br />
Introduce Retinoblastoma.<br />
<br />
Cdk and cyclin amplification (multiple copies) and hyperactivation (overexpression) to oncogenes.<br />
<br />
Introduce p53. <br />
<br />
The discovery of cyclins.<br />
<br />
Cell cycle control regulatory network and Rube-Goldberg Machines<br />
<br />
Self resetting machines. <br />
<br />
wee1- rum1- double mutant.<br />
<br />
Cancer is a breakdown of cellular cooperation in multicellular organisms. <br />
<br />
Cells in multicellular organisms depend extensively on signals from other cells (like growth signals, cell death, etc.).<br />
<br />
Example of Notch Delta<br />
<br />
Enabling processes in the development of cancer. <br />
<br />
Development of a benign tumor. <br />
<br />
Transition of a benign tumor into a malignant tumor. <br />
<br />
Two general gene categories, oncogenes and tumor suppressors.<br />
<br />
What increases the rates of cancer?<br />
<br />
Rous sarcoma virus example. <br />
<br />
Inherited components versus environmental causes. <br />
<br />
Lifetime risk of cancer. <br />
<br />
Rates of cancer over the last 100 years. <br />
<br />
==The lag time between smoking and lung cancer==<br />
<br />
==Cancer incidence and age==<br />
<br />
==Cancer across the tree of life==<br />
===Peto’s paradox===<br />
Several factors have made cancer hard to study in the past. One of these may be that traditional model organisms are, unlike humans, short lived. In many ways cancer is a disease of age and possibly body size. Insights have come from studying a range of non-traditional long-lived species. <br />
<br />
Elephants, Naked Mole Rats, Plants<br />
<br />
===Transmissible cancer=== <br />
<br />
Tasmanian devils, shellfish. <br />
<br />
===Could free living cancer cells survive and evolve?===<br />
<br />
Could cancer cells survive in sea water on their own and escape from their host? (Myxosporea?) <br />
<br />
===Cancer and speciation===<br />
<br />
platyfish-swordtail hybrid melanoma<br />
<br />
===Beyond cells, cancer in super-organisms===<br />
<br />
Broadening our focus: social cancer of super-organisms?<br />
<br />
==The importance of the immune system in cancer==<br />
<br />
==The importance of pure research==<br />
Peyton Rous investigated tumors in chickens and could not have known that his work would identify oncogenic viruses; it lead him on a path that also identified chemical carcinogens and two distinct stages of carcinogenesis and ultimately resulted in the Nobel prize (Weiss and Vogt 2011).<br />
<br />
It is sobering to read Hunt (2015) and Robertson (2015) in the context of current academic research culture, also listen to Al-Khalili (2011) for an audio interview. Hunt happened to be working on getting sea urchin eggs to divide and noticed an odd pattern of a protein that appeared and disappeared with each cell division. There were a series of chance events that led to the discovery of cyclins that control the cell cycle, difficulty in getting the scientific community to realize the significance, had implications for understanding cancer, and ultimately resulted in the Nobel Prize.<br />
<br />
More recent breakthroughs have been in the interface between the immune system and cancer. “Neither of the two Nobel Prize winners, Jim Allison and Tasuku Honjo, directly set out to cure cancer – “that wasn’t it at all,” Allison has said – they were trying to understand how the immune system works” (Davis 2019).<br />
<br />
==Classes here at UH Mānoa==<br />
<br />
BIOL/MCB 472 Biology of Cancer, Howard Shen.<br />
<br />
=References=<br />
*Aktipis, C. A., Boddy, A. M., Jansen, G., Hibner, U., Hochberg, M. E., Maley, C. C., & Wilkinson, G. S. (2015). Cancer across the tree of life: cooperation and cheating in multicellularity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 370(1673), 20140219.<br />
*Al-Khalili, J. (2011). The Life Scientific: Tim Hunt. BBC Radio 4. BBC. https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0184rfy<br />
*Albuquerque, T. A., Drummond do Val, L., Doherty, A., & de Magalhães, J. P. (2018). From humans to hydra: patterns of cancer across the tree of life. Biological Reviews, 93(3), 1715-1734.<br />
*Callaway, E. (2015). How elephants avoid cancer. Nature, 1038, 18534.<br />
*Choi, C. Q. (2016). In Shellfish, Cancer Can Be Contagious. Live Science https://www.livescience.com/55156-transmissable-cancer-found-in-shellfish.html<br />
*Davidich, M. I., & Bornholdt, S. (2008). Boolean network model predicts cell cycle sequence of fission yeast. PloS one, 3(2), e1672.<br />
*Davis, D. (2020 (article accessed in 2019, date is inaccurate)). Why your immune system is key in the fight against cancer. ''WIRED Health'' https://www.wired.co.uk/article/immune-system-cancer<br />
*Dobata, S., Sasaki, T., Mori, H., Hasegawa, E., Shimada, M., & Tsuji, K. (2011). Persistence of the single lineage of transmissible ‘social cancer’in an asexual ant. Molecular ecology, 20(3), 441-455.<br />
*Doonan, J. H., & Sablowski, R. (2010). Walls around tumours—why plants do not develop cancer. ''Nature Reviews Cancer'', 10(11), 794.<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2000|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2000). The Hallmarks of Cancer. ''Cell'' 100(1): 57–70.]]<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2011|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. ''Cell'' 144(5): 646–674.]]<br />
*Hunt, T. (2015). Pursuing the impossible: an interview with Tim Hunt. BMC biology, 13(1), 64.<br />
*Mannino, A. C., Ruzzon, T., Lercari, S., & Uccelli, S. (1998). The role of scientific institutions in the promotion of biotechnology to the public (school, the mass‐media, entrepreneurs etc). Biochemical Education, 26(1), 52-55.<br />
*Panchin, A. Y., Aleoshin, V. V., & Panchin, Y. V. (2019). From tumors to species: a SCANDAL hypothesis. Biology direct, 14(1), 3.<br />
*Robertson, R. (2015). The discovery of cyclin: the unknown and the unknowable. ''On Biology'' https://blogs.biomedcentral.com/on-biology/2015/08/21/discovery-cyclin-unknown-unknowable/<br />
*Seluanov, A., Gladyshev, V. N., Vijg, J., & Gorbunova, V. (2018). Mechanisms of cancer resistance in long-lived mammals. Nature Reviews Cancer, 1.<br />
*Shahab, L., McGowan, J. A., Waller, J., & Smith, S. G. (2018). Prevalence of beliefs about actual and mythical causes of cancer and their association with socio-demographic and health-related characteristics: Findings from a cross-sectional survey in England. European Journal of Cancer, 103, 308-316.<br />
*Sprinzak, D., Lakhanpal, A., LeBon, L., Garcia-Ojalvo, J., & Elowitz, M. B. (2011). Mutual inactivation of Notch receptors and ligands facilitates developmental patterning. PLoS computational biology, 7(6), e1002069.<br />
*Tyson JJ, Chen K, Novak B. Network dynamics and cell physiology. Natl Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2001;2(12):908–916. doi: 10.1038/35103078.<br />
*Weiss, R. A., & Vogt, P. K. (2011). 100 years of Rous sarcoma virus. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 208(12), 2351-2355.<br />
*Werner, B., Traulsen, A., & Dingli, D. (2016). Ontogenic growth as the root of fundamental differences between childhood and adult cancer. Stem Cells, 34(3), 543-550.</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Cancer_Genetics&diff=61Cancer Genetics2019-04-24T01:19:47Z<p>Floyd: /* The importance of pure research */</p>
<hr />
<div>I (Floyd Reed) am working on finishing up two manuscripts that touch upon aspects of cancer genetics and recently gave a guest lecture about cancer genetics in an undergraduate biology class. While I am actively thinking about it I want to collect some notes and resources together here. <br />
<br />
=Notes from a guest lecture on cancer genetics=<br />
<br />
Most people have direct personal experience with cancer. Either they themselves, a family member, or a close friend has been affected by cancer. <br />
<br />
Briefly review mitosis and the cell cycle. <br />
<br />
Give an example of the interactions of pRB, E2F, Cyclin D1, and Cdk4. <br />
<br />
Introduce Retinoblastoma.<br />
<br />
Cdk and cyclin amplification (multiple copies) and hyperactivation (overexpression) to oncogenes.<br />
<br />
Introduce p53. <br />
<br />
The discovery of cyclins.<br />
<br />
Cell cycle control regulatory network and Rube-Goldberg Machines<br />
<br />
Self resetting machines. <br />
<br />
wee1- rum1- double mutant.<br />
<br />
Cancer is a breakdown of cellular cooperation in multicellular organisms. <br />
<br />
Cells in multicellular organisms depend extensively on signals from other cells (like growth signals, cell death, etc.).<br />
<br />
Example of Notch Delta<br />
<br />
Enabling processes in the development of cancer. <br />
<br />
Development of a benign tumor. <br />
<br />
Transition of a benign tumor into a malignant tumor. <br />
<br />
Two general gene categories, oncogenes and tumor suppressors.<br />
<br />
What increases the rates of cancer?<br />
<br />
Rous sarcoma virus example. <br />
<br />
Inherited components versus environmental causes. <br />
<br />
Lifetime risk of cancer. <br />
<br />
Rates of cancer over the last 100 years. <br />
<br />
==The lag time between smoking and lung cancer==<br />
<br />
==Cancer incidence and age==<br />
<br />
==Cancer across the tree of life==<br />
===Peto’s paradox===<br />
Several factors have made cancer hard to study in the past. One of these may be that traditional model organisms are, unlike humans, short lived. In many ways cancer is a disease of age and possibly body size. Insights have come from studying a range of non-traditional long-lived species. <br />
<br />
Elephants, Naked Mole Rats, Plants<br />
<br />
===Transmissible cancer=== <br />
<br />
Tasmanian devils, shellfish. <br />
<br />
===Could free living cancer cells survive and evolve?===<br />
<br />
Could cancer cells survive in sea water on their own and escape from their host? (Myxosporea?) <br />
<br />
===Cancer and speciation===<br />
<br />
platyfish-swordtail hybrid melanoma<br />
<br />
===Beyond cells, cancer in super-organisms===<br />
<br />
Broadening our focus: social cancer of super-organisms?<br />
<br />
==The importance of the immune system in cancer==<br />
<br />
==The importance of pure research==<br />
Peyton Rous investigated tumors in chickens and could not have known that his work would identify oncogenic viruses; it lead him on a path that also identified chemical carcinogens and two distinct stages of carcinogenesis and ultimately resulted in the Nobel prize.<br />
<br />
It is sobering to read Hunt (2015) and Robertson (2015) in the context of current academic research culture, also listen to Al-Khalili (2011) for an audio interview. Hunt happened to be working on getting sea urchin eggs to divide and noticed an odd pattern of a protein that appeared and disappeared with each cell division. There were a series of chance events that led to the discovery of cyclins that control the cell cycle, difficulty in getting the scientific community to realize the significance, had implications for understanding cancer, and ultimately resulted in the Nobel Prize.<br />
<br />
More recent breakthroughs have been in the interface between the immune system and cancer. “Neither of the two Nobel Prize winners, Jim Allison and Tasuku Honjo, directly set out to cure cancer – “that wasn’t it at all,” Allison has said – they were trying to understand how the immune system works” (Davis 2019).<br />
<br />
==Classes here at UH Mānoa==<br />
<br />
BIOL/MCB 472 Biology of Cancer, Howard Shen.<br />
<br />
=References=<br />
*Aktipis, C. A., Boddy, A. M., Jansen, G., Hibner, U., Hochberg, M. E., Maley, C. C., & Wilkinson, G. S. (2015). Cancer across the tree of life: cooperation and cheating in multicellularity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 370(1673), 20140219.<br />
*Al-Khalili, J. (2011). The Life Scientific: Tim Hunt. BBC Radio 4. BBC. https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0184rfy<br />
*Albuquerque, T. A., Drummond do Val, L., Doherty, A., & de Magalhães, J. P. (2018). From humans to hydra: patterns of cancer across the tree of life. Biological Reviews, 93(3), 1715-1734.<br />
*Callaway, E. (2015). How elephants avoid cancer. Nature, 1038, 18534.<br />
*Choi, C. Q. (2016). In Shellfish, Cancer Can Be Contagious. Live Science https://www.livescience.com/55156-transmissable-cancer-found-in-shellfish.html<br />
*Davidich, M. I., & Bornholdt, S. (2008). Boolean network model predicts cell cycle sequence of fission yeast. PloS one, 3(2), e1672.<br />
*Davis, D. (2020 (article accessed in 2019, date is inaccurate)). Why your immune system is key in the fight against cancer. ''WIRED Health'' https://www.wired.co.uk/article/immune-system-cancer<br />
*Dobata, S., Sasaki, T., Mori, H., Hasegawa, E., Shimada, M., & Tsuji, K. (2011). Persistence of the single lineage of transmissible ‘social cancer’in an asexual ant. Molecular ecology, 20(3), 441-455.<br />
*Doonan, J. H., & Sablowski, R. (2010). Walls around tumours—why plants do not develop cancer. ''Nature Reviews Cancer'', 10(11), 794.<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2000|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2000). The Hallmarks of Cancer. ''Cell'' 100(1): 57–70.]]<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2011|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. ''Cell'' 144(5): 646–674.]]<br />
*Hunt, T. (2015). Pursuing the impossible: an interview with Tim Hunt. BMC biology, 13(1), 64.<br />
*Mannino, A. C., Ruzzon, T., Lercari, S., & Uccelli, S. (1998). The role of scientific institutions in the promotion of biotechnology to the public (school, the mass‐media, entrepreneurs etc). Biochemical Education, 26(1), 52-55.<br />
*Panchin, A. Y., Aleoshin, V. V., & Panchin, Y. V. (2019). From tumors to species: a SCANDAL hypothesis. Biology direct, 14(1), 3.<br />
*Robertson, R. (2015). The discovery of cyclin: the unknown and the unknowable. ''On Biology'' https://blogs.biomedcentral.com/on-biology/2015/08/21/discovery-cyclin-unknown-unknowable/<br />
*Seluanov, A., Gladyshev, V. N., Vijg, J., & Gorbunova, V. (2018). Mechanisms of cancer resistance in long-lived mammals. Nature Reviews Cancer, 1.<br />
*Shahab, L., McGowan, J. A., Waller, J., & Smith, S. G. (2018). Prevalence of beliefs about actual and mythical causes of cancer and their association with socio-demographic and health-related characteristics: Findings from a cross-sectional survey in England. European Journal of Cancer, 103, 308-316.<br />
*Sprinzak, D., Lakhanpal, A., LeBon, L., Garcia-Ojalvo, J., & Elowitz, M. B. (2011). Mutual inactivation of Notch receptors and ligands facilitates developmental patterning. PLoS computational biology, 7(6), e1002069.<br />
*Tyson JJ, Chen K, Novak B. Network dynamics and cell physiology. Natl Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2001;2(12):908–916. doi: 10.1038/35103078.<br />
*Weiss, R. A., & Vogt, P. K. (2011). 100 years of Rous sarcoma virus. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 208(12), 2351-2355.<br />
*Werner, B., Traulsen, A., & Dingli, D. (2016). Ontogenic growth as the root of fundamental differences between childhood and adult cancer. Stem Cells, 34(3), 543-550.</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Cancer_Genetics&diff=60Cancer Genetics2019-04-24T01:06:14Z<p>Floyd: /* The importance of pure research */</p>
<hr />
<div>I (Floyd Reed) am working on finishing up two manuscripts that touch upon aspects of cancer genetics and recently gave a guest lecture about cancer genetics in an undergraduate biology class. While I am actively thinking about it I want to collect some notes and resources together here. <br />
<br />
=Notes from a guest lecture on cancer genetics=<br />
<br />
Most people have direct personal experience with cancer. Either they themselves, a family member, or a close friend has been affected by cancer. <br />
<br />
Briefly review mitosis and the cell cycle. <br />
<br />
Give an example of the interactions of pRB, E2F, Cyclin D1, and Cdk4. <br />
<br />
Introduce Retinoblastoma.<br />
<br />
Cdk and cyclin amplification (multiple copies) and hyperactivation (overexpression) to oncogenes.<br />
<br />
Introduce p53. <br />
<br />
The discovery of cyclins.<br />
<br />
Cell cycle control regulatory network and Rube-Goldberg Machines<br />
<br />
Self resetting machines. <br />
<br />
wee1- rum1- double mutant.<br />
<br />
Cancer is a breakdown of cellular cooperation in multicellular organisms. <br />
<br />
Cells in multicellular organisms depend extensively on signals from other cells (like growth signals, cell death, etc.).<br />
<br />
Example of Notch Delta<br />
<br />
Enabling processes in the development of cancer. <br />
<br />
Development of a benign tumor. <br />
<br />
Transition of a benign tumor into a malignant tumor. <br />
<br />
Two general gene categories, oncogenes and tumor suppressors.<br />
<br />
What increases the rates of cancer?<br />
<br />
Rous sarcoma virus example. <br />
<br />
Inherited components versus environmental causes. <br />
<br />
Lifetime risk of cancer. <br />
<br />
Rates of cancer over the last 100 years. <br />
<br />
==The lag time between smoking and lung cancer==<br />
<br />
==Cancer incidence and age==<br />
<br />
==Cancer across the tree of life==<br />
===Peto’s paradox===<br />
Several factors have made cancer hard to study in the past. One of these may be that traditional model organisms are, unlike humans, short lived. In many ways cancer is a disease of age and possibly body size. Insights have come from studying a range of non-traditional long-lived species. <br />
<br />
Elephants, Naked Mole Rats, Plants<br />
<br />
===Transmissible cancer=== <br />
<br />
Tasmanian devils, shellfish. <br />
<br />
===Could free living cancer cells survive and evolve?===<br />
<br />
Could cancer cells survive in sea water on their own and escape from their host? (Myxosporea?) <br />
<br />
===Cancer and speciation===<br />
<br />
platyfish-swordtail hybrid melanoma<br />
<br />
===Beyond cells, cancer in super-organisms===<br />
<br />
Broadening our focus: social cancer of super-organisms?<br />
<br />
==The importance of the immune system in cancer==<br />
<br />
==The importance of pure research==<br />
“Neither of the two Nobel Prize winners, Jim Allison and Tasuku Honjo, directly set out to cure cancer – “that wasn’t it at all,” Allison has said – they were trying to understand how the immune system works” (Davis 2019). <br />
<br />
It is sobering to read Hunt (2015) and Robertson (2015) in the context of current academic research culture, also listen to Al-Khalili (2011) for an audio interview. Hunt happened to be working on getting sea urchin eggs to divide and noticed an odd pattern of a protein that appeared and disappeared with each cell division. There were a series of chance events that led to the discovery of cyclins that control the cell cycle, difficulty in getting the scientific community to realize the significance, had implications for understanding cancer, and ultimately resulted in the Nobel Prize.<br />
<br />
==Classes here at UH Mānoa==<br />
<br />
BIOL/MCB 472 Biology of Cancer, Howard Shen.<br />
<br />
=References=<br />
*Aktipis, C. A., Boddy, A. M., Jansen, G., Hibner, U., Hochberg, M. E., Maley, C. C., & Wilkinson, G. S. (2015). Cancer across the tree of life: cooperation and cheating in multicellularity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 370(1673), 20140219.<br />
*Al-Khalili, J. (2011). The Life Scientific: Tim Hunt. BBC Radio 4. BBC. https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0184rfy<br />
*Albuquerque, T. A., Drummond do Val, L., Doherty, A., & de Magalhães, J. P. (2018). From humans to hydra: patterns of cancer across the tree of life. Biological Reviews, 93(3), 1715-1734.<br />
*Callaway, E. (2015). How elephants avoid cancer. Nature, 1038, 18534.<br />
*Choi, C. Q. (2016). In Shellfish, Cancer Can Be Contagious. Live Science https://www.livescience.com/55156-transmissable-cancer-found-in-shellfish.html<br />
*Davidich, M. I., & Bornholdt, S. (2008). Boolean network model predicts cell cycle sequence of fission yeast. PloS one, 3(2), e1672.<br />
*Davis, D. (2020 (article accessed in 2019, date is inaccurate)). Why your immune system is key in the fight against cancer. ''WIRED Health'' https://www.wired.co.uk/article/immune-system-cancer<br />
*Dobata, S., Sasaki, T., Mori, H., Hasegawa, E., Shimada, M., & Tsuji, K. (2011). Persistence of the single lineage of transmissible ‘social cancer’in an asexual ant. Molecular ecology, 20(3), 441-455.<br />
*Doonan, J. H., & Sablowski, R. (2010). Walls around tumours—why plants do not develop cancer. ''Nature Reviews Cancer'', 10(11), 794.<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2000|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2000). The Hallmarks of Cancer. ''Cell'' 100(1): 57–70.]]<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2011|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. ''Cell'' 144(5): 646–674.]]<br />
*Hunt, T. (2015). Pursuing the impossible: an interview with Tim Hunt. BMC biology, 13(1), 64.<br />
*Mannino, A. C., Ruzzon, T., Lercari, S., & Uccelli, S. (1998). The role of scientific institutions in the promotion of biotechnology to the public (school, the mass‐media, entrepreneurs etc). Biochemical Education, 26(1), 52-55.<br />
*Panchin, A. Y., Aleoshin, V. V., & Panchin, Y. V. (2019). From tumors to species: a SCANDAL hypothesis. Biology direct, 14(1), 3.<br />
*Robertson, R. (2015). The discovery of cyclin: the unknown and the unknowable. ''On Biology'' https://blogs.biomedcentral.com/on-biology/2015/08/21/discovery-cyclin-unknown-unknowable/<br />
*Seluanov, A., Gladyshev, V. N., Vijg, J., & Gorbunova, V. (2018). Mechanisms of cancer resistance in long-lived mammals. Nature Reviews Cancer, 1.<br />
*Shahab, L., McGowan, J. A., Waller, J., & Smith, S. G. (2018). Prevalence of beliefs about actual and mythical causes of cancer and their association with socio-demographic and health-related characteristics: Findings from a cross-sectional survey in England. European Journal of Cancer, 103, 308-316.<br />
*Sprinzak, D., Lakhanpal, A., LeBon, L., Garcia-Ojalvo, J., & Elowitz, M. B. (2011). Mutual inactivation of Notch receptors and ligands facilitates developmental patterning. PLoS computational biology, 7(6), e1002069.<br />
*Tyson JJ, Chen K, Novak B. Network dynamics and cell physiology. Natl Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2001;2(12):908–916. doi: 10.1038/35103078.<br />
*Weiss, R. A., & Vogt, P. K. (2011). 100 years of Rous sarcoma virus. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 208(12), 2351-2355.<br />
*Werner, B., Traulsen, A., & Dingli, D. (2016). Ontogenic growth as the root of fundamental differences between childhood and adult cancer. Stem Cells, 34(3), 543-550.</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Cancer_Genetics&diff=59Cancer Genetics2019-04-24T01:04:48Z<p>Floyd: /* The importance of pure research */</p>
<hr />
<div>I (Floyd Reed) am working on finishing up two manuscripts that touch upon aspects of cancer genetics and recently gave a guest lecture about cancer genetics in an undergraduate biology class. While I am actively thinking about it I want to collect some notes and resources together here. <br />
<br />
=Notes from a guest lecture on cancer genetics=<br />
<br />
Most people have direct personal experience with cancer. Either they themselves, a family member, or a close friend has been affected by cancer. <br />
<br />
Briefly review mitosis and the cell cycle. <br />
<br />
Give an example of the interactions of pRB, E2F, Cyclin D1, and Cdk4. <br />
<br />
Introduce Retinoblastoma.<br />
<br />
Cdk and cyclin amplification (multiple copies) and hyperactivation (overexpression) to oncogenes.<br />
<br />
Introduce p53. <br />
<br />
The discovery of cyclins.<br />
<br />
Cell cycle control regulatory network and Rube-Goldberg Machines<br />
<br />
Self resetting machines. <br />
<br />
wee1- rum1- double mutant.<br />
<br />
Cancer is a breakdown of cellular cooperation in multicellular organisms. <br />
<br />
Cells in multicellular organisms depend extensively on signals from other cells (like growth signals, cell death, etc.).<br />
<br />
Example of Notch Delta<br />
<br />
Enabling processes in the development of cancer. <br />
<br />
Development of a benign tumor. <br />
<br />
Transition of a benign tumor into a malignant tumor. <br />
<br />
Two general gene categories, oncogenes and tumor suppressors.<br />
<br />
What increases the rates of cancer?<br />
<br />
Rous sarcoma virus example. <br />
<br />
Inherited components versus environmental causes. <br />
<br />
Lifetime risk of cancer. <br />
<br />
Rates of cancer over the last 100 years. <br />
<br />
==The lag time between smoking and lung cancer==<br />
<br />
==Cancer incidence and age==<br />
<br />
==Cancer across the tree of life==<br />
===Peto’s paradox===<br />
Several factors have made cancer hard to study in the past. One of these may be that traditional model organisms are, unlike humans, short lived. In many ways cancer is a disease of age and possibly body size. Insights have come from studying a range of non-traditional long-lived species. <br />
<br />
Elephants, Naked Mole Rats, Plants<br />
<br />
===Transmissible cancer=== <br />
<br />
Tasmanian devils, shellfish. <br />
<br />
===Could free living cancer cells survive and evolve?===<br />
<br />
Could cancer cells survive in sea water on their own and escape from their host? (Myxosporea?) <br />
<br />
===Cancer and speciation===<br />
<br />
platyfish-swordtail hybrid melanoma<br />
<br />
===Beyond cells, cancer in super-organisms===<br />
<br />
Broadening our focus: social cancer of super-organisms?<br />
<br />
==The importance of the immune system in cancer==<br />
<br />
==The importance of pure research==<br />
“Neither of the two Nobel Prize winners, Jim Allison and Tasuku Honjo, directly set out to cure cancer – “that wasn’t it at all,” Allison has said – they were trying to understand how the immune system works” (Davis 2019). It is sobering to read Hunt (2015) and Robertson (2015) in the context of current academic research culture. Hunt happened to be working on getting sea urchin eggs to divide and noticed an odd pattern of a protein that appeared and disappeared with each cell division. There were a series of chance events that led to the discovery of cyclins that control the cell cycle, difficulty in getting the scientific community to realize the significance, had implications for understanding cancer, and ultimately resulted in the Nobel Prize.<br />
<br />
==Classes here at UH Mānoa==<br />
<br />
BIOL/MCB 472 Biology of Cancer, Howard Shen.<br />
<br />
=References=<br />
*Aktipis, C. A., Boddy, A. M., Jansen, G., Hibner, U., Hochberg, M. E., Maley, C. C., & Wilkinson, G. S. (2015). Cancer across the tree of life: cooperation and cheating in multicellularity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 370(1673), 20140219.<br />
*Al-Khalili, J. (2011). The Life Scientific: Tim Hunt. BBC Radio 4. BBC. https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0184rfy<br />
*Albuquerque, T. A., Drummond do Val, L., Doherty, A., & de Magalhães, J. P. (2018). From humans to hydra: patterns of cancer across the tree of life. Biological Reviews, 93(3), 1715-1734.<br />
*Callaway, E. (2015). How elephants avoid cancer. Nature, 1038, 18534.<br />
*Choi, C. Q. (2016). In Shellfish, Cancer Can Be Contagious. Live Science https://www.livescience.com/55156-transmissable-cancer-found-in-shellfish.html<br />
*Davidich, M. I., & Bornholdt, S. (2008). Boolean network model predicts cell cycle sequence of fission yeast. PloS one, 3(2), e1672.<br />
*Davis, D. (2020 (article accessed in 2019, date is inaccurate)). Why your immune system is key in the fight against cancer. ''WIRED Health'' https://www.wired.co.uk/article/immune-system-cancer<br />
*Dobata, S., Sasaki, T., Mori, H., Hasegawa, E., Shimada, M., & Tsuji, K. (2011). Persistence of the single lineage of transmissible ‘social cancer’in an asexual ant. Molecular ecology, 20(3), 441-455.<br />
*Doonan, J. H., & Sablowski, R. (2010). Walls around tumours—why plants do not develop cancer. ''Nature Reviews Cancer'', 10(11), 794.<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2000|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2000). The Hallmarks of Cancer. ''Cell'' 100(1): 57–70.]]<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2011|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. ''Cell'' 144(5): 646–674.]]<br />
*Hunt, T. (2015). Pursuing the impossible: an interview with Tim Hunt. BMC biology, 13(1), 64.<br />
*Mannino, A. C., Ruzzon, T., Lercari, S., & Uccelli, S. (1998). The role of scientific institutions in the promotion of biotechnology to the public (school, the mass‐media, entrepreneurs etc). Biochemical Education, 26(1), 52-55.<br />
*Panchin, A. Y., Aleoshin, V. V., & Panchin, Y. V. (2019). From tumors to species: a SCANDAL hypothesis. Biology direct, 14(1), 3.<br />
*Robertson, R. (2015). The discovery of cyclin: the unknown and the unknowable. ''On Biology'' https://blogs.biomedcentral.com/on-biology/2015/08/21/discovery-cyclin-unknown-unknowable/<br />
*Seluanov, A., Gladyshev, V. N., Vijg, J., & Gorbunova, V. (2018). Mechanisms of cancer resistance in long-lived mammals. Nature Reviews Cancer, 1.<br />
*Shahab, L., McGowan, J. A., Waller, J., & Smith, S. G. (2018). Prevalence of beliefs about actual and mythical causes of cancer and their association with socio-demographic and health-related characteristics: Findings from a cross-sectional survey in England. European Journal of Cancer, 103, 308-316.<br />
*Sprinzak, D., Lakhanpal, A., LeBon, L., Garcia-Ojalvo, J., & Elowitz, M. B. (2011). Mutual inactivation of Notch receptors and ligands facilitates developmental patterning. PLoS computational biology, 7(6), e1002069.<br />
*Tyson JJ, Chen K, Novak B. Network dynamics and cell physiology. Natl Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2001;2(12):908–916. doi: 10.1038/35103078.<br />
*Weiss, R. A., & Vogt, P. K. (2011). 100 years of Rous sarcoma virus. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 208(12), 2351-2355.<br />
*Werner, B., Traulsen, A., & Dingli, D. (2016). Ontogenic growth as the root of fundamental differences between childhood and adult cancer. Stem Cells, 34(3), 543-550.</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Cancer_Genetics&diff=58Cancer Genetics2019-04-24T01:03:00Z<p>Floyd: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>I (Floyd Reed) am working on finishing up two manuscripts that touch upon aspects of cancer genetics and recently gave a guest lecture about cancer genetics in an undergraduate biology class. While I am actively thinking about it I want to collect some notes and resources together here. <br />
<br />
=Notes from a guest lecture on cancer genetics=<br />
<br />
Most people have direct personal experience with cancer. Either they themselves, a family member, or a close friend has been affected by cancer. <br />
<br />
Briefly review mitosis and the cell cycle. <br />
<br />
Give an example of the interactions of pRB, E2F, Cyclin D1, and Cdk4. <br />
<br />
Introduce Retinoblastoma.<br />
<br />
Cdk and cyclin amplification (multiple copies) and hyperactivation (overexpression) to oncogenes.<br />
<br />
Introduce p53. <br />
<br />
The discovery of cyclins.<br />
<br />
Cell cycle control regulatory network and Rube-Goldberg Machines<br />
<br />
Self resetting machines. <br />
<br />
wee1- rum1- double mutant.<br />
<br />
Cancer is a breakdown of cellular cooperation in multicellular organisms. <br />
<br />
Cells in multicellular organisms depend extensively on signals from other cells (like growth signals, cell death, etc.).<br />
<br />
Example of Notch Delta<br />
<br />
Enabling processes in the development of cancer. <br />
<br />
Development of a benign tumor. <br />
<br />
Transition of a benign tumor into a malignant tumor. <br />
<br />
Two general gene categories, oncogenes and tumor suppressors.<br />
<br />
What increases the rates of cancer?<br />
<br />
Rous sarcoma virus example. <br />
<br />
Inherited components versus environmental causes. <br />
<br />
Lifetime risk of cancer. <br />
<br />
Rates of cancer over the last 100 years. <br />
<br />
==The lag time between smoking and lung cancer==<br />
<br />
==Cancer incidence and age==<br />
<br />
==Cancer across the tree of life==<br />
===Peto’s paradox===<br />
Several factors have made cancer hard to study in the past. One of these may be that traditional model organisms are, unlike humans, short lived. In many ways cancer is a disease of age and possibly body size. Insights have come from studying a range of non-traditional long-lived species. <br />
<br />
Elephants, Naked Mole Rats, Plants<br />
<br />
===Transmissible cancer=== <br />
<br />
Tasmanian devils, shellfish. <br />
<br />
===Could free living cancer cells survive and evolve?===<br />
<br />
Could cancer cells survive in sea water on their own and escape from their host? (Myxosporea?) <br />
<br />
===Cancer and speciation===<br />
<br />
platyfish-swordtail hybrid melanoma<br />
<br />
===Beyond cells, cancer in super-organisms===<br />
<br />
Broadening our focus: social cancer of super-organisms?<br />
<br />
==The importance of the immune system in cancer==<br />
<br />
==The importance of pure research==<br />
“Neither of the two Nobel Prize winners, Jim Allison and Tasuku Honjo, directly set out to cure cancer – “that wasn’t it at all,” Allison has said – they were trying to understand how the immune system works” (Davis 2019). It is sobering to read Hunt (2015) and Robertson (2015) in the context of current academic research culture. Hunt happened to be working on sea urchin eggs and noticed an odd pattern of a protein that appeared and disappeared with each cell division. There were a series of chance events that led to the discovery of cyclins that control the cell cycle, difficulty in getting the scientific community to realize the significance, and ultimately resulted in the Nobel Prize.<br />
<br />
==Classes here at UH Mānoa==<br />
<br />
BIOL/MCB 472 Biology of Cancer, Howard Shen.<br />
<br />
=References=<br />
*Aktipis, C. A., Boddy, A. M., Jansen, G., Hibner, U., Hochberg, M. E., Maley, C. C., & Wilkinson, G. S. (2015). Cancer across the tree of life: cooperation and cheating in multicellularity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 370(1673), 20140219.<br />
*Al-Khalili, J. (2011). The Life Scientific: Tim Hunt. BBC Radio 4. BBC. https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0184rfy<br />
*Albuquerque, T. A., Drummond do Val, L., Doherty, A., & de Magalhães, J. P. (2018). From humans to hydra: patterns of cancer across the tree of life. Biological Reviews, 93(3), 1715-1734.<br />
*Callaway, E. (2015). How elephants avoid cancer. Nature, 1038, 18534.<br />
*Choi, C. Q. (2016). In Shellfish, Cancer Can Be Contagious. Live Science https://www.livescience.com/55156-transmissable-cancer-found-in-shellfish.html<br />
*Davidich, M. I., & Bornholdt, S. (2008). Boolean network model predicts cell cycle sequence of fission yeast. PloS one, 3(2), e1672.<br />
*Davis, D. (2020 (article accessed in 2019, date is inaccurate)). Why your immune system is key in the fight against cancer. ''WIRED Health'' https://www.wired.co.uk/article/immune-system-cancer<br />
*Dobata, S., Sasaki, T., Mori, H., Hasegawa, E., Shimada, M., & Tsuji, K. (2011). Persistence of the single lineage of transmissible ‘social cancer’in an asexual ant. Molecular ecology, 20(3), 441-455.<br />
*Doonan, J. H., & Sablowski, R. (2010). Walls around tumours—why plants do not develop cancer. ''Nature Reviews Cancer'', 10(11), 794.<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2000|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2000). The Hallmarks of Cancer. ''Cell'' 100(1): 57–70.]]<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2011|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. ''Cell'' 144(5): 646–674.]]<br />
*Hunt, T. (2015). Pursuing the impossible: an interview with Tim Hunt. BMC biology, 13(1), 64.<br />
*Mannino, A. C., Ruzzon, T., Lercari, S., & Uccelli, S. (1998). The role of scientific institutions in the promotion of biotechnology to the public (school, the mass‐media, entrepreneurs etc). Biochemical Education, 26(1), 52-55.<br />
*Panchin, A. Y., Aleoshin, V. V., & Panchin, Y. V. (2019). From tumors to species: a SCANDAL hypothesis. Biology direct, 14(1), 3.<br />
*Robertson, R. (2015). The discovery of cyclin: the unknown and the unknowable. ''On Biology'' https://blogs.biomedcentral.com/on-biology/2015/08/21/discovery-cyclin-unknown-unknowable/<br />
*Seluanov, A., Gladyshev, V. N., Vijg, J., & Gorbunova, V. (2018). Mechanisms of cancer resistance in long-lived mammals. Nature Reviews Cancer, 1.<br />
*Shahab, L., McGowan, J. A., Waller, J., & Smith, S. G. (2018). Prevalence of beliefs about actual and mythical causes of cancer and their association with socio-demographic and health-related characteristics: Findings from a cross-sectional survey in England. European Journal of Cancer, 103, 308-316.<br />
*Sprinzak, D., Lakhanpal, A., LeBon, L., Garcia-Ojalvo, J., & Elowitz, M. B. (2011). Mutual inactivation of Notch receptors and ligands facilitates developmental patterning. PLoS computational biology, 7(6), e1002069.<br />
*Tyson JJ, Chen K, Novak B. Network dynamics and cell physiology. Natl Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2001;2(12):908–916. doi: 10.1038/35103078.<br />
*Weiss, R. A., & Vogt, P. K. (2011). 100 years of Rous sarcoma virus. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 208(12), 2351-2355.<br />
*Werner, B., Traulsen, A., & Dingli, D. (2016). Ontogenic growth as the root of fundamental differences between childhood and adult cancer. Stem Cells, 34(3), 543-550.</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Cancer_Genetics&diff=57Cancer Genetics2019-04-20T09:45:17Z<p>Floyd: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>I (Floyd Reed) am working on finishing up two manuscripts that touch upon aspects of cancer genetics and recently gave a guest lecture about cancer genetics in an undergraduate biology class. While I am actively thinking about it I want to collect some notes and resources together here. <br />
<br />
=Notes from a guest lecture on cancer genetics=<br />
<br />
Most people have direct personal experience with cancer. Either they themselves, a family member, or a close friend has been affected by cancer. <br />
<br />
Briefly review mitosis and the cell cycle. <br />
<br />
Give an example of the interactions of pRB, E2F, Cyclin D1, and Cdk4. <br />
<br />
Introduce Retinoblastoma.<br />
<br />
Cdk and cyclin amplification (multiple copies) and hyperactivation (overexpression) to oncogenes.<br />
<br />
Introduce p53. <br />
<br />
The discovery of cyclins.<br />
<br />
Cell cycle control regulatory network and Rube-Goldberg Machines<br />
<br />
Self resetting machines. <br />
<br />
wee1- rum1- double mutant.<br />
<br />
Cancer is a breakdown of cellular cooperation in multicellular organisms. <br />
<br />
Cells in multicellular organisms depend extensively on signals from other cells (like growth signals, cell death, etc.).<br />
<br />
Example of Notch Delta<br />
<br />
Enabling processes in the development of cancer. <br />
<br />
Development of a benign tumor. <br />
<br />
Transition of a benign tumor into a malignant tumor. <br />
<br />
Two general gene categories, oncogenes and tumor suppressors.<br />
<br />
What increases the rates of cancer?<br />
<br />
Rous sarcoma virus example. <br />
<br />
Inherited components versus environmental causes. <br />
<br />
Lifetime risk of cancer. <br />
<br />
Rates of cancer over the last 100 years. <br />
<br />
==The lag time between smoking and lung cancer==<br />
<br />
==Cancer incidence and age==<br />
<br />
==Cancer across the tree of life==<br />
===Peto’s paradox===<br />
Several factors have made cancer hard to study in the past. One of these may be that traditional model organisms are, unlike humans, short lived. In many ways cancer is a disease of age and possibly body size. Insights have come from studying a range of non-traditional long-lived species. <br />
<br />
Elephants, Naked Mole Rats, Plants<br />
<br />
===Transmissible cancer=== <br />
<br />
Tasmanian devils, shellfish. <br />
<br />
===Could free living cancer cells survive and evolve?===<br />
<br />
Could cancer cells survive in sea water on their own and escape from their host? (Myxosporea?) <br />
<br />
===Cancer and speciation===<br />
<br />
platyfish-swordtail hybrid melanoma<br />
<br />
===Beyond cells, cancer in super-organisms===<br />
<br />
Broadening our focus: social cancer of super-organisms?<br />
<br />
==The importance of the immune system in cancer==<br />
<br />
==The importance of pure research==<br />
“Neither of the two Nobel Prize winners, Jim Allison and Tasuku Honjo, directly set out to cure cancer – “that wasn’t it at all,” Allison has said – they were trying to understand how the immune system works” (Davis 2019). It is sobering to read Hunt (2015) and Robertson (2015) in the context of current academic research culture. Hunt happened to be working on sea urchin eggs and noticed an odd pattern of a protein that appeared and disappeared with each cell division. There were a series of chance events that led to the discovery of cyclins that control the cell cycle, difficulty in getting the scientific community to realize the significance, and ultimately resulted in the Nobel Prize.<br />
<br />
==Classes here at UH Mānoa==<br />
<br />
BIOL/MCB 472 Biology of Cancer, Howard Shen.<br />
<br />
=References=<br />
*Aktipis, C. A., Boddy, A. M., Jansen, G., Hibner, U., Hochberg, M. E., Maley, C. C., & Wilkinson, G. S. (2015). Cancer across the tree of life: cooperation and cheating in multicellularity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 370(1673), 20140219.<br />
*Al-Khalili, J. (2011). The Life Scientific: Tim Hunt. BBC Radio 4. BBC. https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0184rfy<br />
*Callaway, E. (2015). How elephants avoid cancer. Nature, 1038, 18534.<br />
*Choi, C. Q. (2016). In Shellfish, Cancer Can Be Contagious. Live Science https://www.livescience.com/55156-transmissable-cancer-found-in-shellfish.html<br />
*Davidich, M. I., & Bornholdt, S. (2008). Boolean network model predicts cell cycle sequence of fission yeast. PloS one, 3(2), e1672.<br />
*Davis, D. (2020 (article accessed in 2019, date is inaccurate)). Why your immune system is key in the fight against cancer. ''WIRED Health'' https://www.wired.co.uk/article/immune-system-cancer<br />
*Dobata, S., Sasaki, T., Mori, H., Hasegawa, E., Shimada, M., & Tsuji, K. (2011). Persistence of the single lineage of transmissible ‘social cancer’in an asexual ant. Molecular ecology, 20(3), 441-455.<br />
*Doonan, J. H., & Sablowski, R. (2010). Walls around tumours—why plants do not develop cancer. ''Nature Reviews Cancer'', 10(11), 794.<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2000|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2000). The Hallmarks of Cancer. ''Cell'' 100(1): 57–70.]]<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2011|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. ''Cell'' 144(5): 646–674.]]<br />
*Hunt, T. (2015). Pursuing the impossible: an interview with Tim Hunt. BMC biology, 13(1), 64.<br />
*Panchin, A. Y., Aleoshin, V. V., & Panchin, Y. V. (2019). From tumors to species: a SCANDAL hypothesis. Biology direct, 14(1), 3.<br />
*Robertson, R. (2015). The discovery of cyclin: the unknown and the unknowable. ''On Biology'' https://blogs.biomedcentral.com/on-biology/2015/08/21/discovery-cyclin-unknown-unknowable/<br />
*Seluanov, A., Gladyshev, V. N., Vijg, J., & Gorbunova, V. (2018). Mechanisms of cancer resistance in long-lived mammals. Nature Reviews Cancer, 1.<br />
*Sprinzak, D., Lakhanpal, A., LeBon, L., Garcia-Ojalvo, J., & Elowitz, M. B. (2011). Mutual inactivation of Notch receptors and ligands facilitates developmental patterning. PLoS computational biology, 7(6), e1002069.<br />
*Tyson JJ, Chen K, Novak B. Network dynamics and cell physiology. Natl Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2001;2(12):908–916. doi: 10.1038/35103078.<br />
*Weiss, R. A., & Vogt, P. K. (2011). 100 years of Rous sarcoma virus. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 208(12), 2351-2355.</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Cancer_Genetics&diff=56Cancer Genetics2019-04-20T09:23:24Z<p>Floyd: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>I (Floyd Reed) am working on finishing up two manuscripts that touch upon aspects of cancer genetics and recently gave a guest lecture about cancer genetics in an undergraduate biology class. While I am actively thinking about it I want to collect some notes and resources together here. <br />
<br />
=Notes from a guest lecture on cancer genetics=<br />
<br />
Most people have direct personal experience with cancer. Either they themselves, a family member, or a close friend has been affected by cancer. <br />
<br />
Briefly review mitosis and the cell cycle. <br />
<br />
Give an example of the interactions of pRB, E2F, Cyclin D1, and Cdk4. <br />
<br />
Introduce Retinoblastoma.<br />
<br />
Cdk and cyclin amplification (multiple copies) and hyperactivation (overexpression) to oncogenes.<br />
<br />
Introduce p53. <br />
<br />
The discovery of cyclins.<br />
<br />
Cell cycle control regulatory network and Rube-Goldberg Machines<br />
<br />
Self resetting machines. <br />
<br />
wee1- rum1- double mutant.<br />
<br />
Cancer is a breakdown of cellular cooperation in multicellular organisms. <br />
<br />
Cells in multicellular organisms depend extensively on signals from other cells (like growth signals, cell death, etc.).<br />
<br />
Example of Notch Delta<br />
<br />
Enabling processes in the development of cancer. <br />
<br />
Development of a benign tumor. <br />
<br />
Transition of a benign tumor into a malignant tumor. <br />
<br />
Two general gene categories, oncogenes and tumor suppressors.<br />
<br />
What increases the rates of cancer?<br />
<br />
Rous sarcoma virus example. <br />
<br />
Inherited components versus environmental causes. <br />
<br />
Lifetime risk of cancer. <br />
<br />
Rates of cancer over the last 100 years. <br />
<br />
==The lag time between smoking and lung cancer==<br />
<br />
==Cancer incidence and age==<br />
<br />
==Cancer across the tree of life==<br />
===Peto’s paradox===<br />
Several factors have made cancer hard to study in the past. One of these may be that traditional model organisms are, unlike humans, short lived. In many ways cancer is a disease of age and possibly body size. Insights have come from studying a range of non-traditional long-lived species. <br />
<br />
Elephants, Naked Mole Rats, Plants<br />
<br />
===Transmissible cancer=== <br />
<br />
Tasmanian devils, shellfish. <br />
<br />
===Could free living cancer cells survive and evolve?===<br />
<br />
Could cancer cells survive in sea water on their own and escape from their host? (Myxosporea?) <br />
<br />
===Cancer and speciation===<br />
<br />
platyfish-swordtail hybrid melanoma<br />
<br />
===Beyond cells, cancer in super-organisms===<br />
<br />
Broadening our focus: social cancer of super-organisms?<br />
<br />
==The importance of the immune system in cancer==<br />
<br />
==The importance of pure research==<br />
“Neither of the two Nobel Prize winners, Jim Allison and Tasuku Honjo, directly set out to cure cancer – “that wasn’t it at all,” Allison has said – they were trying to understand how the immune system works” (Davis 2019). It is sobering to read Hunt (2015) and Robertson (2015) in the context of current academic research culture. Hunt happened to be working on sea urchin eggs and noticed an odd pattern of a protein that appeared and disappeared with each cell division. There were a series of chance events that led to the discovery of cyclins that control the cell cycle, difficulty in getting the scientific community to realize the significance, and ultimately resulted in the Nobel Prize.<br />
<br />
==Classes here at UH Mānoa==<br />
<br />
BIOL/MCB 472 Biology of Cancer, Howard Shen.<br />
<br />
=References=<br />
*Aktipis, C. A., Boddy, A. M., Jansen, G., Hibner, U., Hochberg, M. E., Maley, C. C., & Wilkinson, G. S. (2015). Cancer across the tree of life: cooperation and cheating in multicellularity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 370(1673), 20140219.<br />
*Al-Khalili, J. (2011). The Life Scientific: Tim Hunt. BBC Radio 4. BBC. <br />
*Callaway, E. (2015). How elephants avoid cancer. Nature, 1038, 18534.<br />
*Choi, C. Q. (2016). In Shellfish, Cancer Can Be Contagious. Live Science https://www.livescience.com/55156-transmissable-cancer-found-in-shellfish.html<br />
*Davidich, M. I., & Bornholdt, S. (2008). Boolean network model predicts cell cycle sequence of fission yeast. PloS one, 3(2), e1672.<br />
*Davis, D. (2020 (article accessed in 2019, date is inaccurate)). Why your immune system is key in the fight against cancer. ''WIRED Health'' https://www.wired.co.uk/article/immune-system-cancer<br />
*Dobata, S., Sasaki, T., Mori, H., Hasegawa, E., Shimada, M., & Tsuji, K. (2011). Persistence of the single lineage of transmissible ‘social cancer’in an asexual ant. Molecular ecology, 20(3), 441-455.<br />
*Doonan, J. H., & Sablowski, R. (2010). Walls around tumours—why plants do not develop cancer. ''Nature Reviews Cancer'', 10(11), 794.<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2000|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2000). The Hallmarks of Cancer. ''Cell'' 100(1): 57–70.]]<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2011|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. ''Cell'' 144(5): 646–674.]]<br />
*Hunt, T. (2015). Pursuing the impossible: an interview with Tim Hunt. BMC biology, 13(1), 64.<br />
*Panchin, A. Y., Aleoshin, V. V., & Panchin, Y. V. (2019). From tumors to species: a SCANDAL hypothesis. Biology direct, 14(1), 3.<br />
*Robertson, R. (2015). The discovery of cyclin: the unknown and the unknowable. ''On Biology'' https://blogs.biomedcentral.com/on-biology/2015/08/21/discovery-cyclin-unknown-unknowable/<br />
*Seluanov, A., Gladyshev, V. N., Vijg, J., & Gorbunova, V. (2018). Mechanisms of cancer resistance in long-lived mammals. Nature Reviews Cancer, 1.<br />
*Sprinzak, D., Lakhanpal, A., LeBon, L., Garcia-Ojalvo, J., & Elowitz, M. B. (2011). Mutual inactivation of Notch receptors and ligands facilitates developmental patterning. PLoS computational biology, 7(6), e1002069.<br />
*Tyson JJ, Chen K, Novak B. Network dynamics and cell physiology. Natl Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2001;2(12):908–916. doi: 10.1038/35103078.<br />
*Weiss, R. A., & Vogt, P. K. (2011). 100 years of Rous sarcoma virus. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 208(12), 2351-2355.</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Cancer_Genetics&diff=55Cancer Genetics2019-04-20T09:21:59Z<p>Floyd: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>I (Floyd Reed) am working on finishing up two manuscripts that touch upon aspects of cancer genetics and recently gave a guest lecture about cancer genetics in an undergraduate biology class. While I am actively thinking about it I want to collect some notes and resources together here. <br />
<br />
=Notes from a guest lecture on cancer genetics=<br />
<br />
Most people have direct personal experience with cancer. Either they themselves, a family member, or a close friend has been affected by cancer. <br />
<br />
Briefly review mitosis and the cell cycle. <br />
<br />
Give an example of the interactions of pRB, E2F, Cyclin D1, and Cdk4. <br />
<br />
Introduce Retinoblastoma.<br />
<br />
Cdk and cyclin amplification (multiple copies) and hyperactivation (overexpression) to oncogenes.<br />
<br />
Introduce p53. <br />
<br />
The discovery of cyclins.<br />
<br />
Cell cycle control regulatory network and Rube-Goldberg Machines<br />
<br />
Self resetting machines. <br />
<br />
wee1- rum1- double mutant.<br />
<br />
Cancer is a breakdown of cellular cooperation in multicellular organisms. <br />
<br />
Cells in multicellular organisms depend extensively on signals from other cells (like growth signals, cell death, etc.).<br />
<br />
Example of Notch Delta<br />
<br />
Enabling processes in the development of cancer. <br />
<br />
Development of a benign tumor. <br />
<br />
Transition of a benign tumor into a malignant tumor. <br />
<br />
Two general gene categories, oncogenes and tumor suppressors.<br />
<br />
What increases the rates of cancer?<br />
<br />
Rous sarcoma virus example. <br />
<br />
Inherited components versus environmental causes. <br />
<br />
Lifetime risk of cancer. <br />
<br />
Rates of cancer over the last 100 years. <br />
<br />
==The lag time between smoking and lung cancer==<br />
<br />
==Cancer incidence and age==<br />
<br />
==Cancer across the tree of life==<br />
===Peto’s paradox===<br />
Several factors have made cancer hard to study in the past. One of these may be that traditional model organisms are, unlike humans, short lived. In many ways cancer is a disease of age and possibly body size. Insights have come from studying a range of non-traditional long-lived species. <br />
<br />
Elephants, Naked Mole Rats, Plants<br />
<br />
===Transmissible cancer=== <br />
<br />
Tasmanian devils, shellfish. <br />
<br />
===Could free living cancer cells survive and evolve?===<br />
<br />
Could cancer cells survive in sea water on their own and escape from their host? (Myxosporea?) <br />
<br />
===Cancer and speciation===<br />
<br />
platyfish-swordtail hybrid melanoma<br />
<br />
===Beyond cells, cancer in super-organisms===<br />
<br />
Broadening our focus: social cancer of super-organisms?<br />
<br />
==The importance of the immune system in cancer==<br />
<br />
==The importance of pure research==<br />
“Neither of the two Nobel Prize winners, Jim Allison and Tasuku Honjo, directly set out to cure cancer – “that wasn’t it at all,” Allison has said – they were trying to understand how the immune system works” (Davis 2019). It is sobering to read Hunt (2015) and Robertson (2015) in the context of current academic research culture. Hunt happened to be working on sea urchin eggs and noticed an odd pattern of a protein that appeared and disappeared with each cell division. There were a series of chance events that led to the discovery of cyclins that control the cell cycle, difficulty in getting the scientific community to realize the significance, and ultimately resulted in the Nobel Prize.<br />
<br />
==Classes here at UH Mānoa==<br />
<br />
BIOL/MCB 472 Biology of Cancer, Howard Shen.<br />
<br />
=References=<br />
*Aktipis, C. A., Boddy, A. M., Jansen, G., Hibner, U., Hochberg, M. E., Maley, C. C., & Wilkinson, G. S. (2015). Cancer across the tree of life: cooperation and cheating in multicellularity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 370(1673), 20140219.<br />
*Al-Khalili, J. (2011). The Life Scientific. BBC Radio 4. BBC. <br />
*Callaway, E. (2015). How elephants avoid cancer. Nature, 1038, 18534.<br />
*Choi, C. Q. (2016). In Shellfish, Cancer Can Be Contagious. Live Science https://www.livescience.com/55156-transmissable-cancer-found-in-shellfish.html<br />
*Davidich, M. I., & Bornholdt, S. (2008). Boolean network model predicts cell cycle sequence of fission yeast. PloS one, 3(2), e1672.<br />
*Davis, D. (2020 (article accessed in 2019, date is inaccurate)). Why your immune system is key in the fight against cancer. ''WIRED Health'' https://www.wired.co.uk/article/immune-system-cancer<br />
*Dobata, S., Sasaki, T., Mori, H., Hasegawa, E., Shimada, M., & Tsuji, K. (2011). Persistence of the single lineage of transmissible ‘social cancer’in an asexual ant. Molecular ecology, 20(3), 441-455.<br />
*Doonan, J. H., & Sablowski, R. (2010). Walls around tumours—why plants do not develop cancer. ''Nature Reviews Cancer'', 10(11), 794.<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2000|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2000). The Hallmarks of Cancer. ''Cell'' 100(1): 57–70.]]<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2011|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. ''Cell'' 144(5): 646–674.]]<br />
*Hunt, T. (2015). Pursuing the impossible: an interview with Tim Hunt. BMC biology, 13(1), 64.<br />
*Panchin, A. Y., Aleoshin, V. V., & Panchin, Y. V. (2019). From tumors to species: a SCANDAL hypothesis. Biology direct, 14(1), 3.<br />
*Robertson, R. (2015). The discovery of cyclin: the unknown and the unknowable. ''On Biology'' https://blogs.biomedcentral.com/on-biology/2015/08/21/discovery-cyclin-unknown-unknowable/<br />
*Seluanov, A., Gladyshev, V. N., Vijg, J., & Gorbunova, V. (2018). Mechanisms of cancer resistance in long-lived mammals. Nature Reviews Cancer, 1.<br />
*Sprinzak, D., Lakhanpal, A., LeBon, L., Garcia-Ojalvo, J., & Elowitz, M. B. (2011). Mutual inactivation of Notch receptors and ligands facilitates developmental patterning. PLoS computational biology, 7(6), e1002069.<br />
*Tyson JJ, Chen K, Novak B. Network dynamics and cell physiology. Natl Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2001;2(12):908–916. doi: 10.1038/35103078.<br />
*Weiss, R. A., & Vogt, P. K. (2011). 100 years of Rous sarcoma virus. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 208(12), 2351-2355.</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Cancer_Genetics&diff=54Cancer Genetics2019-04-20T09:20:31Z<p>Floyd: /* The importance of pure research */</p>
<hr />
<div>I (Floyd Reed) am working on finishing up two manuscripts that touch upon aspects of cancer genetics and recently gave a guest lecture about cancer genetics in an undergraduate biology class. While I am actively thinking about it I want to collect some notes and resources together here. <br />
<br />
=Notes from a guest lecture on cancer genetics=<br />
<br />
Most people have direct personal experience with cancer. Either they themselves, a family member, or a close friend has been affected by cancer. <br />
<br />
Briefly review mitosis and the cell cycle. <br />
<br />
Give an example of the interactions of pRB, E2F, Cyclin D1, and Cdk4. <br />
<br />
Introduce Retinoblastoma.<br />
<br />
Cdk and cyclin amplification (multiple copies) and hyperactivation (overexpression) to oncogenes.<br />
<br />
Introduce p53. <br />
<br />
The discovery of cyclins.<br />
<br />
Cell cycle control regulatory network and Rube-Goldberg Machines<br />
<br />
Self resetting machines. <br />
<br />
wee1- rum1- double mutant.<br />
<br />
Cancer is a breakdown of cellular cooperation in multicellular organisms. <br />
<br />
Cells in multicellular organisms depend extensively on signals from other cells (like growth signals, cell death, etc.).<br />
<br />
Example of Notch Delta<br />
<br />
Enabling processes in the development of cancer. <br />
<br />
Development of a benign tumor. <br />
<br />
Transition of a benign tumor into a malignant tumor. <br />
<br />
Two general gene categories, oncogenes and tumor suppressors.<br />
<br />
What increases the rates of cancer?<br />
<br />
Rous sarcoma virus example. <br />
<br />
Inherited components versus environmental causes. <br />
<br />
Lifetime risk of cancer. <br />
<br />
Rates of cancer over the last 100 years. <br />
<br />
==The lag time between smoking and lung cancer==<br />
<br />
==Cancer incidence and age==<br />
<br />
==Cancer across the tree of life==<br />
===Peto’s paradox===<br />
Several factors have made cancer hard to study in the past. One of these may be that traditional model organisms are, unlike humans, short lived. In many ways cancer is a disease of age and possibly body size. Insights have come from studying a range of non-traditional long-lived species. <br />
<br />
Elephants, Naked Mole Rats, Plants<br />
<br />
===Transmissible cancer=== <br />
<br />
Tasmanian devils, shellfish. <br />
<br />
===Could free living cancer cells survive and evolve?===<br />
<br />
Could cancer cells survive in sea water on their own and escape from their host? (Myxosporea?) <br />
<br />
===Cancer and speciation===<br />
<br />
platyfish-swordtail hybrid melanoma<br />
<br />
===Beyond cells, cancer in super-organisms===<br />
<br />
Broadening our focus: social cancer of super-organisms?<br />
<br />
==The importance of the immune system in cancer==<br />
<br />
==The importance of pure research==<br />
“Neither of the two Nobel Prize winners, Jim Allison and Tasuku Honjo, directly set out to cure cancer – “that wasn’t it at all,” Allison has said – they were trying to understand how the immune system works” (Davis 2019). It is sobering to read Hunt (2015) and Robertson (2015) in the context of current academic research culture. Hunt happened to be working on sea urchin eggs and noticed an odd pattern of a protein that appeared and disappeared with each cell division. There were a series of chance events that led to the discovery of cyclins that control the cell cycle, difficulty in getting the scientific community to realize the significance, and ultimately resulted in the Nobel Prize.<br />
<br />
==Classes here at UH Mānoa==<br />
<br />
BIOL/MCB 472 Biology of Cancer, Howard Shen.<br />
<br />
=References=<br />
*Aktipis, C. A., Boddy, A. M., Jansen, G., Hibner, U., Hochberg, M. E., Maley, C. C., & Wilkinson, G. S. (2015). Cancer across the tree of life: cooperation and cheating in multicellularity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 370(1673), 20140219.<br />
*Callaway, E. (2015). How elephants avoid cancer. Nature, 1038, 18534.<br />
*Choi, C. Q. (2016) In Shellfish, Cancer Can Be Contagious. Live Science https://www.livescience.com/55156-transmissable-cancer-found-in-shellfish.html<br />
*Davidich, M. I., & Bornholdt, S. (2008). Boolean network model predicts cell cycle sequence of fission yeast. PloS one, 3(2), e1672.<br />
*Davis, D. (2020 (article accessed in 2019, date is inaccurate)). Why your immune system is key in the fight against cancer. ''WIRED Health'' https://www.wired.co.uk/article/immune-system-cancer<br />
*Dobata, S., Sasaki, T., Mori, H., Hasegawa, E., Shimada, M., & Tsuji, K. (2011). Persistence of the single lineage of transmissible ‘social cancer’in an asexual ant. Molecular ecology, 20(3), 441-455.<br />
*Doonan, J. H., & Sablowski, R. (2010). Walls around tumours—why plants do not develop cancer. ''Nature Reviews Cancer'', 10(11), 794.<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2000|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2000). The Hallmarks of Cancer. ''Cell'' 100(1): 57–70.]]<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2011|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. ''Cell'' 144(5): 646–674.]]<br />
*Hunt, T. (2015). Pursuing the impossible: an interview with Tim Hunt. BMC biology, 13(1), 64.<br />
*Panchin, A. Y., Aleoshin, V. V., & Panchin, Y. V. (2019). From tumors to species: a SCANDAL hypothesis. Biology direct, 14(1), 3.<br />
*Robertson, R. (2015). The discovery of cyclin: the unknown and the unknowable. ''On Biology'' https://blogs.biomedcentral.com/on-biology/2015/08/21/discovery-cyclin-unknown-unknowable/<br />
*Seluanov, A., Gladyshev, V. N., Vijg, J., & Gorbunova, V. (2018). Mechanisms of cancer resistance in long-lived mammals. Nature Reviews Cancer, 1.<br />
*Sprinzak, D., Lakhanpal, A., LeBon, L., Garcia-Ojalvo, J., & Elowitz, M. B. (2011). Mutual inactivation of Notch receptors and ligands facilitates developmental patterning. PLoS computational biology, 7(6), e1002069.<br />
*Tyson JJ, Chen K, Novak B. Network dynamics and cell physiology. Natl Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2001;2(12):908–916. doi: 10.1038/35103078.<br />
*Weiss, R. A., & Vogt, P. K. (2011). 100 years of Rous sarcoma virus. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 208(12), 2351-2355.</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Cancer_Genetics&diff=53Cancer Genetics2019-04-20T09:00:56Z<p>Floyd: /* The importance of pure research */</p>
<hr />
<div>I (Floyd Reed) am working on finishing up two manuscripts that touch upon aspects of cancer genetics and recently gave a guest lecture about cancer genetics in an undergraduate biology class. While I am actively thinking about it I want to collect some notes and resources together here. <br />
<br />
=Notes from a guest lecture on cancer genetics=<br />
<br />
Most people have direct personal experience with cancer. Either they themselves, a family member, or a close friend has been affected by cancer. <br />
<br />
Briefly review mitosis and the cell cycle. <br />
<br />
Give an example of the interactions of pRB, E2F, Cyclin D1, and Cdk4. <br />
<br />
Introduce Retinoblastoma.<br />
<br />
Cdk and cyclin amplification (multiple copies) and hyperactivation (overexpression) to oncogenes.<br />
<br />
Introduce p53. <br />
<br />
The discovery of cyclins.<br />
<br />
Cell cycle control regulatory network and Rube-Goldberg Machines<br />
<br />
Self resetting machines. <br />
<br />
wee1- rum1- double mutant.<br />
<br />
Cancer is a breakdown of cellular cooperation in multicellular organisms. <br />
<br />
Cells in multicellular organisms depend extensively on signals from other cells (like growth signals, cell death, etc.).<br />
<br />
Example of Notch Delta<br />
<br />
Enabling processes in the development of cancer. <br />
<br />
Development of a benign tumor. <br />
<br />
Transition of a benign tumor into a malignant tumor. <br />
<br />
Two general gene categories, oncogenes and tumor suppressors.<br />
<br />
What increases the rates of cancer?<br />
<br />
Rous sarcoma virus example. <br />
<br />
Inherited components versus environmental causes. <br />
<br />
Lifetime risk of cancer. <br />
<br />
Rates of cancer over the last 100 years. <br />
<br />
==The lag time between smoking and lung cancer==<br />
<br />
==Cancer incidence and age==<br />
<br />
==Cancer across the tree of life==<br />
===Peto’s paradox===<br />
Several factors have made cancer hard to study in the past. One of these may be that traditional model organisms are, unlike humans, short lived. In many ways cancer is a disease of age and possibly body size. Insights have come from studying a range of non-traditional long-lived species. <br />
<br />
Elephants, Naked Mole Rats, Plants<br />
<br />
===Transmissible cancer=== <br />
<br />
Tasmanian devils, shellfish. <br />
<br />
===Could free living cancer cells survive and evolve?===<br />
<br />
Could cancer cells survive in sea water on their own and escape from their host? (Myxosporea?) <br />
<br />
===Cancer and speciation===<br />
<br />
platyfish-swordtail hybrid melanoma<br />
<br />
===Beyond cells, cancer in super-organisms===<br />
<br />
Broadening our focus: social cancer of super-organisms?<br />
<br />
==The importance of the immune system in cancer==<br />
<br />
==The importance of pure research==<br />
<br />
“Neither of the two Nobel Prize winners, Jim Allison and Tasuku Honjo, directly set out to cure cancer – “that wasn’t it at all,” Allison has said – they were trying to understand how the immune system works” (Davis 2019).<br />
<br />
==Classes here at UH Mānoa==<br />
<br />
BIOL/MCB 472 Biology of Cancer, Howard Shen.<br />
<br />
=References=<br />
*Aktipis, C. A., Boddy, A. M., Jansen, G., Hibner, U., Hochberg, M. E., Maley, C. C., & Wilkinson, G. S. (2015). Cancer across the tree of life: cooperation and cheating in multicellularity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 370(1673), 20140219.<br />
*Callaway, E. (2015). How elephants avoid cancer. Nature, 1038, 18534.<br />
*Choi, C. Q. (2016) In Shellfish, Cancer Can Be Contagious. Live Science https://www.livescience.com/55156-transmissable-cancer-found-in-shellfish.html<br />
*Davidich, M. I., & Bornholdt, S. (2008). Boolean network model predicts cell cycle sequence of fission yeast. PloS one, 3(2), e1672.<br />
*Davis, D. (2020 (article accessed in 2019, date is inaccurate)). Why your immune system is key in the fight against cancer. ''WIRED Health'' https://www.wired.co.uk/article/immune-system-cancer<br />
*Dobata, S., Sasaki, T., Mori, H., Hasegawa, E., Shimada, M., & Tsuji, K. (2011). Persistence of the single lineage of transmissible ‘social cancer’in an asexual ant. Molecular ecology, 20(3), 441-455.<br />
*Doonan, J. H., & Sablowski, R. (2010). Walls around tumours—why plants do not develop cancer. ''Nature Reviews Cancer'', 10(11), 794.<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2000|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2000). The Hallmarks of Cancer. ''Cell'' 100(1): 57–70.]]<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2011|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. ''Cell'' 144(5): 646–674.]]<br />
*Hunt, T. (2015). Pursuing the impossible: an interview with Tim Hunt. BMC biology, 13(1), 64.<br />
*Panchin, A. Y., Aleoshin, V. V., & Panchin, Y. V. (2019). From tumors to species: a SCANDAL hypothesis. Biology direct, 14(1), 3.<br />
*Robertson, R. (2015). The discovery of cyclin: the unknown and the unknowable. ''On Biology'' https://blogs.biomedcentral.com/on-biology/2015/08/21/discovery-cyclin-unknown-unknowable/<br />
*Seluanov, A., Gladyshev, V. N., Vijg, J., & Gorbunova, V. (2018). Mechanisms of cancer resistance in long-lived mammals. Nature Reviews Cancer, 1.<br />
*Sprinzak, D., Lakhanpal, A., LeBon, L., Garcia-Ojalvo, J., & Elowitz, M. B. (2011). Mutual inactivation of Notch receptors and ligands facilitates developmental patterning. PLoS computational biology, 7(6), e1002069.<br />
*Tyson JJ, Chen K, Novak B. Network dynamics and cell physiology. Natl Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2001;2(12):908–916. doi: 10.1038/35103078.<br />
*Weiss, R. A., & Vogt, P. K. (2011). 100 years of Rous sarcoma virus. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 208(12), 2351-2355.</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Cancer_Genetics&diff=52Cancer Genetics2019-04-20T08:58:41Z<p>Floyd: </p>
<hr />
<div>I (Floyd Reed) am working on finishing up two manuscripts that touch upon aspects of cancer genetics and recently gave a guest lecture about cancer genetics in an undergraduate biology class. While I am actively thinking about it I want to collect some notes and resources together here. <br />
<br />
=Notes from a guest lecture on cancer genetics=<br />
<br />
Most people have direct personal experience with cancer. Either they themselves, a family member, or a close friend has been affected by cancer. <br />
<br />
Briefly review mitosis and the cell cycle. <br />
<br />
Give an example of the interactions of pRB, E2F, Cyclin D1, and Cdk4. <br />
<br />
Introduce Retinoblastoma.<br />
<br />
Cdk and cyclin amplification (multiple copies) and hyperactivation (overexpression) to oncogenes.<br />
<br />
Introduce p53. <br />
<br />
The discovery of cyclins.<br />
<br />
Cell cycle control regulatory network and Rube-Goldberg Machines<br />
<br />
Self resetting machines. <br />
<br />
wee1- rum1- double mutant.<br />
<br />
Cancer is a breakdown of cellular cooperation in multicellular organisms. <br />
<br />
Cells in multicellular organisms depend extensively on signals from other cells (like growth signals, cell death, etc.).<br />
<br />
Example of Notch Delta<br />
<br />
Enabling processes in the development of cancer. <br />
<br />
Development of a benign tumor. <br />
<br />
Transition of a benign tumor into a malignant tumor. <br />
<br />
Two general gene categories, oncogenes and tumor suppressors.<br />
<br />
What increases the rates of cancer?<br />
<br />
Rous sarcoma virus example. <br />
<br />
Inherited components versus environmental causes. <br />
<br />
Lifetime risk of cancer. <br />
<br />
Rates of cancer over the last 100 years. <br />
<br />
==The lag time between smoking and lung cancer==<br />
<br />
==Cancer incidence and age==<br />
<br />
==Cancer across the tree of life==<br />
===Peto’s paradox===<br />
Several factors have made cancer hard to study in the past. One of these may be that traditional model organisms are, unlike humans, short lived. In many ways cancer is a disease of age and possibly body size. Insights have come from studying a range of non-traditional long-lived species. <br />
<br />
Elephants, Naked Mole Rats, Plants<br />
<br />
===Transmissible cancer=== <br />
<br />
Tasmanian devils, shellfish. <br />
<br />
===Could free living cancer cells survive and evolve?===<br />
<br />
Could cancer cells survive in sea water on their own and escape from their host? (Myxosporea?) <br />
<br />
===Cancer and speciation===<br />
<br />
platyfish-swordtail hybrid melanoma<br />
<br />
===Beyond cells, cancer in super-organisms===<br />
<br />
Broadening our focus: social cancer of super-organisms?<br />
<br />
==The importance of the immune system in cancer==<br />
<br />
==The importance of pure research==<br />
<br />
==Classes here at UH Mānoa==<br />
<br />
BIOL/MCB 472 Biology of Cancer, Howard Shen.<br />
<br />
=References=<br />
*Aktipis, C. A., Boddy, A. M., Jansen, G., Hibner, U., Hochberg, M. E., Maley, C. C., & Wilkinson, G. S. (2015). Cancer across the tree of life: cooperation and cheating in multicellularity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 370(1673), 20140219.<br />
*Callaway, E. (2015). How elephants avoid cancer. Nature, 1038, 18534.<br />
*Choi, C. Q. (2016) In Shellfish, Cancer Can Be Contagious. Live Science https://www.livescience.com/55156-transmissable-cancer-found-in-shellfish.html<br />
*Davidich, M. I., & Bornholdt, S. (2008). Boolean network model predicts cell cycle sequence of fission yeast. PloS one, 3(2), e1672.<br />
*Davis, D. (2020 (article accessed in 2019, date is inaccurate)). Why your immune system is key in the fight against cancer. ''WIRED Health'' https://www.wired.co.uk/article/immune-system-cancer<br />
*Dobata, S., Sasaki, T., Mori, H., Hasegawa, E., Shimada, M., & Tsuji, K. (2011). Persistence of the single lineage of transmissible ‘social cancer’in an asexual ant. Molecular ecology, 20(3), 441-455.<br />
*Doonan, J. H., & Sablowski, R. (2010). Walls around tumours—why plants do not develop cancer. ''Nature Reviews Cancer'', 10(11), 794.<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2000|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2000). The Hallmarks of Cancer. ''Cell'' 100(1): 57–70.]]<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2011|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. ''Cell'' 144(5): 646–674.]]<br />
*Hunt, T. (2015). Pursuing the impossible: an interview with Tim Hunt. BMC biology, 13(1), 64.<br />
*Panchin, A. Y., Aleoshin, V. V., & Panchin, Y. V. (2019). From tumors to species: a SCANDAL hypothesis. Biology direct, 14(1), 3.<br />
*Robertson, R. (2015). The discovery of cyclin: the unknown and the unknowable. ''On Biology'' https://blogs.biomedcentral.com/on-biology/2015/08/21/discovery-cyclin-unknown-unknowable/<br />
*Seluanov, A., Gladyshev, V. N., Vijg, J., & Gorbunova, V. (2018). Mechanisms of cancer resistance in long-lived mammals. Nature Reviews Cancer, 1.<br />
*Sprinzak, D., Lakhanpal, A., LeBon, L., Garcia-Ojalvo, J., & Elowitz, M. B. (2011). Mutual inactivation of Notch receptors and ligands facilitates developmental patterning. PLoS computational biology, 7(6), e1002069.<br />
*Tyson JJ, Chen K, Novak B. Network dynamics and cell physiology. Natl Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2001;2(12):908–916. doi: 10.1038/35103078.<br />
*Weiss, R. A., & Vogt, P. K. (2011). 100 years of Rous sarcoma virus. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 208(12), 2351-2355.</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Cancer_Genetics&diff=51Cancer Genetics2019-04-20T08:51:32Z<p>Floyd: /* Cancer across the tree of life */</p>
<hr />
<div>I am working on finishing up two manuscripts that touch upon aspects of cancer genetics and recently gave a guest lecture about cancer genetics in an undergraduate biology class. While I am actively thinking about it I want to collect some notes and resources together here. <br />
<br />
=Notes from a guest lecture on cancer genetics=<br />
<br />
Most people have direct personal experience with cancer. Either they themselves, a family member, or a close friend has been affected by cancer. <br />
<br />
Briefly review mitosis and the cell cycle. <br />
<br />
Give an example of the interactions of pRB, E2F, Cyclin D1, and Cdk4. <br />
<br />
Introduce Retinoblastoma.<br />
<br />
Cdk and cyclin amplification (multiple copies) and hyperactivation (overexpression) to oncogenes.<br />
<br />
Introduce p53. <br />
<br />
The discovery of cyclins.<br />
<br />
Cell cycle control regulatory network and Rube-Goldberg Machines<br />
<br />
Self resetting machines. <br />
<br />
wee1- rum1- double mutant.<br />
<br />
Cancer is a breakdown of cellular cooperation in multicellular organisms. <br />
<br />
Cells in multicellular organisms depend extensively on signals from other cells (like growth signals, cell death, etc.).<br />
<br />
Example of Notch Delta<br />
<br />
Enabling processes in the development of cancer. <br />
<br />
Development of a benign tumor. <br />
<br />
Transition of a benign tumor into a malignant tumor. <br />
<br />
Two general gene categories, oncogenes and tumor suppressors.<br />
<br />
What increases the rates of cancer?<br />
<br />
Rous sarcoma virus example. <br />
<br />
Inherited components versus environmental causes. <br />
<br />
Lifetime risk of cancer. <br />
<br />
Rates of cancer over the last 100 years. <br />
<br />
==The lag time between smoking and lung cancer==<br />
<br />
==Cancer incidence and age==<br />
<br />
==Cancer across the tree of life==<br />
===Peto’s paradox===<br />
Several factors have made cancer hard to study in the past. One of these may be that traditional model organisms are, unlike humans, short lived. In many ways cancer is a disease of age and possibly body size. Insights have come from studying a range of non-traditional long-lived species. <br />
<br />
Elephants, Naked Mole Rats, Plants<br />
<br />
===Transmissible cancer=== <br />
<br />
Tasmanian devils, shellfish. <br />
<br />
===Could free living cancer cells survive and evolve?===<br />
<br />
Could cancer cells survive in sea water on their own and escape from their host? (Myxosporea?) <br />
<br />
===Cancer and speciation===<br />
<br />
platyfish-swordtail hybrid melanoma<br />
<br />
===Beyond cells, cancer in super-organisms===<br />
<br />
Broadening our focus: social cancer of super-organisms?<br />
<br />
==The importance of the immune system in cancer==<br />
<br />
==The importance of pure research==<br />
<br />
==Classes here at UH Mānoa==<br />
<br />
BIOL/MCB 472 Biology of Cancer, Howard Shen.<br />
<br />
=References=<br />
*Aktipis, C. A., Boddy, A. M., Jansen, G., Hibner, U., Hochberg, M. E., Maley, C. C., & Wilkinson, G. S. (2015). Cancer across the tree of life: cooperation and cheating in multicellularity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 370(1673), 20140219.<br />
*Callaway, E. (2015). How elephants avoid cancer. Nature, 1038, 18534.<br />
*Choi, C. Q. (2016) In Shellfish, Cancer Can Be Contagious. Live Science https://www.livescience.com/55156-transmissable-cancer-found-in-shellfish.html<br />
*Davidich, M. I., & Bornholdt, S. (2008). Boolean network model predicts cell cycle sequence of fission yeast. PloS one, 3(2), e1672.<br />
*Davis, D. (2020 (article accessed in 2019, date is inaccurate)). Why your immune system is key in the fight against cancer. ''WIRED Health'' https://www.wired.co.uk/article/immune-system-cancer<br />
*Dobata, S., Sasaki, T., Mori, H., Hasegawa, E., Shimada, M., & Tsuji, K. (2011). Persistence of the single lineage of transmissible ‘social cancer’in an asexual ant. Molecular ecology, 20(3), 441-455.<br />
*Doonan, J. H., & Sablowski, R. (2010). Walls around tumours—why plants do not develop cancer. ''Nature Reviews Cancer'', 10(11), 794.<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2000|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2000). The Hallmarks of Cancer. ''Cell'' 100(1): 57–70.]]<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2011|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. ''Cell'' 144(5): 646–674.]]<br />
*Hunt, T. (2015). Pursuing the impossible: an interview with Tim Hunt. BMC biology, 13(1), 64.<br />
*Panchin, A. Y., Aleoshin, V. V., & Panchin, Y. V. (2019). From tumors to species: a SCANDAL hypothesis. Biology direct, 14(1), 3.<br />
*Robertson, R. (2015). The discovery of cyclin: the unknown and the unknowable. ''On Biology'' https://blogs.biomedcentral.com/on-biology/2015/08/21/discovery-cyclin-unknown-unknowable/<br />
*Seluanov, A., Gladyshev, V. N., Vijg, J., & Gorbunova, V. (2018). Mechanisms of cancer resistance in long-lived mammals. Nature Reviews Cancer, 1.<br />
*Sprinzak, D., Lakhanpal, A., LeBon, L., Garcia-Ojalvo, J., & Elowitz, M. B. (2011). Mutual inactivation of Notch receptors and ligands facilitates developmental patterning. PLoS computational biology, 7(6), e1002069.<br />
*Tyson JJ, Chen K, Novak B. Network dynamics and cell physiology. Natl Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2001;2(12):908–916. doi: 10.1038/35103078.<br />
*Weiss, R. A., & Vogt, P. K. (2011). 100 years of Rous sarcoma virus. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 208(12), 2351-2355.</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Cancer_Genetics&diff=50Cancer Genetics2019-04-20T08:44:00Z<p>Floyd: /* Classes here at UH */</p>
<hr />
<div>I am working on finishing up two manuscripts that touch upon aspects of cancer genetics and recently gave a guest lecture about cancer genetics in an undergraduate biology class. While I am actively thinking about it I want to collect some notes and resources together here. <br />
<br />
=Notes from a guest lecture on cancer genetics=<br />
<br />
Most people have direct personal experience with cancer. Either they themselves, a family member, or a close friend has been affected by cancer. <br />
<br />
Briefly review mitosis and the cell cycle. <br />
<br />
Give an example of the interactions of pRB, E2F, Cyclin D1, and Cdk4. <br />
<br />
Introduce Retinoblastoma.<br />
<br />
Cdk and cyclin amplification (multiple copies) and hyperactivation (overexpression) to oncogenes.<br />
<br />
Introduce p53. <br />
<br />
The discovery of cyclins.<br />
<br />
Cell cycle control regulatory network and Rube-Goldberg Machines<br />
<br />
Self resetting machines. <br />
<br />
wee1- rum1- double mutant.<br />
<br />
Cancer is a breakdown of cellular cooperation in multicellular organisms. <br />
<br />
Cells in multicellular organisms depend extensively on signals from other cells (like growth signals, cell death, etc.).<br />
<br />
Example of Notch Delta<br />
<br />
Enabling processes in the development of cancer. <br />
<br />
Development of a benign tumor. <br />
<br />
Transition of a benign tumor into a malignant tumor. <br />
<br />
Two general gene categories, oncogenes and tumor suppressors.<br />
<br />
What increases the rates of cancer?<br />
<br />
Rous sarcoma virus example. <br />
<br />
Inherited components versus environmental causes. <br />
<br />
Lifetime risk of cancer. <br />
<br />
Rates of cancer over the last 100 years. <br />
<br />
==The lag time between smoking and lung cancer==<br />
<br />
==Cancer incidence and age==<br />
<br />
==Cancer across the tree of life==<br />
===Peto’s paradox===<br />
Several factors have made cancer hard to study in the past. One of these may be that traditional model organisms are, unlike humans, short lived. In many ways cancer is a disease of age and possibly body size. Insights have come from studying a range of non-traditional long-lived species. <br />
<br />
Elephants, Naked Mole Rats, Plants<br />
<br />
===Transmissible cancer=== <br />
<br />
Tasmanian devils, shellfish. <br />
<br />
===Could free living cancer cells survive and evolve?===<br />
<br />
Could cancer cells survive in sea water on their own and escape from their host? (Myxosporea?) <br />
<br />
===Beyond cells, cancer in super-organisms===<br />
<br />
Broadening our focus: social cancer of super-organisms?<br />
<br />
==The importance of the immune system in cancer==<br />
<br />
==The importance of pure research==<br />
<br />
==Classes here at UH Mānoa==<br />
<br />
BIOL/MCB 472 Biology of Cancer, Howard Shen.<br />
<br />
=References=<br />
*Aktipis, C. A., Boddy, A. M., Jansen, G., Hibner, U., Hochberg, M. E., Maley, C. C., & Wilkinson, G. S. (2015). Cancer across the tree of life: cooperation and cheating in multicellularity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 370(1673), 20140219.<br />
*Callaway, E. (2015). How elephants avoid cancer. Nature, 1038, 18534.<br />
*Choi, C. Q. (2016) In Shellfish, Cancer Can Be Contagious. Live Science https://www.livescience.com/55156-transmissable-cancer-found-in-shellfish.html<br />
*Davidich, M. I., & Bornholdt, S. (2008). Boolean network model predicts cell cycle sequence of fission yeast. PloS one, 3(2), e1672.<br />
*Davis, D. (2020 (article accessed in 2019, date is inaccurate)). Why your immune system is key in the fight against cancer. ''WIRED Health'' https://www.wired.co.uk/article/immune-system-cancer<br />
*Dobata, S., Sasaki, T., Mori, H., Hasegawa, E., Shimada, M., & Tsuji, K. (2011). Persistence of the single lineage of transmissible ‘social cancer’in an asexual ant. Molecular ecology, 20(3), 441-455.<br />
*Doonan, J. H., & Sablowski, R. (2010). Walls around tumours—why plants do not develop cancer. ''Nature Reviews Cancer'', 10(11), 794.<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2000|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2000). The Hallmarks of Cancer. ''Cell'' 100(1): 57–70.]]<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2011|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. ''Cell'' 144(5): 646–674.]]<br />
*Hunt, T. (2015). Pursuing the impossible: an interview with Tim Hunt. BMC biology, 13(1), 64.<br />
*Panchin, A. Y., Aleoshin, V. V., & Panchin, Y. V. (2019). From tumors to species: a SCANDAL hypothesis. Biology direct, 14(1), 3.<br />
*Robertson, R. (2015). The discovery of cyclin: the unknown and the unknowable. ''On Biology'' https://blogs.biomedcentral.com/on-biology/2015/08/21/discovery-cyclin-unknown-unknowable/<br />
*Seluanov, A., Gladyshev, V. N., Vijg, J., & Gorbunova, V. (2018). Mechanisms of cancer resistance in long-lived mammals. Nature Reviews Cancer, 1.<br />
*Sprinzak, D., Lakhanpal, A., LeBon, L., Garcia-Ojalvo, J., & Elowitz, M. B. (2011). Mutual inactivation of Notch receptors and ligands facilitates developmental patterning. PLoS computational biology, 7(6), e1002069.<br />
*Tyson JJ, Chen K, Novak B. Network dynamics and cell physiology. Natl Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2001;2(12):908–916. doi: 10.1038/35103078.<br />
*Weiss, R. A., & Vogt, P. K. (2011). 100 years of Rous sarcoma virus. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 208(12), 2351-2355.</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Cancer_Genetics&diff=49Cancer Genetics2019-04-20T08:43:21Z<p>Floyd: /* Cancer across the tree of life */</p>
<hr />
<div>I am working on finishing up two manuscripts that touch upon aspects of cancer genetics and recently gave a guest lecture about cancer genetics in an undergraduate biology class. While I am actively thinking about it I want to collect some notes and resources together here. <br />
<br />
=Notes from a guest lecture on cancer genetics=<br />
<br />
Most people have direct personal experience with cancer. Either they themselves, a family member, or a close friend has been affected by cancer. <br />
<br />
Briefly review mitosis and the cell cycle. <br />
<br />
Give an example of the interactions of pRB, E2F, Cyclin D1, and Cdk4. <br />
<br />
Introduce Retinoblastoma.<br />
<br />
Cdk and cyclin amplification (multiple copies) and hyperactivation (overexpression) to oncogenes.<br />
<br />
Introduce p53. <br />
<br />
The discovery of cyclins.<br />
<br />
Cell cycle control regulatory network and Rube-Goldberg Machines<br />
<br />
Self resetting machines. <br />
<br />
wee1- rum1- double mutant.<br />
<br />
Cancer is a breakdown of cellular cooperation in multicellular organisms. <br />
<br />
Cells in multicellular organisms depend extensively on signals from other cells (like growth signals, cell death, etc.).<br />
<br />
Example of Notch Delta<br />
<br />
Enabling processes in the development of cancer. <br />
<br />
Development of a benign tumor. <br />
<br />
Transition of a benign tumor into a malignant tumor. <br />
<br />
Two general gene categories, oncogenes and tumor suppressors.<br />
<br />
What increases the rates of cancer?<br />
<br />
Rous sarcoma virus example. <br />
<br />
Inherited components versus environmental causes. <br />
<br />
Lifetime risk of cancer. <br />
<br />
Rates of cancer over the last 100 years. <br />
<br />
==The lag time between smoking and lung cancer==<br />
<br />
==Cancer incidence and age==<br />
<br />
==Cancer across the tree of life==<br />
===Peto’s paradox===<br />
Several factors have made cancer hard to study in the past. One of these may be that traditional model organisms are, unlike humans, short lived. In many ways cancer is a disease of age and possibly body size. Insights have come from studying a range of non-traditional long-lived species. <br />
<br />
Elephants, Naked Mole Rats, Plants<br />
<br />
===Transmissible cancer=== <br />
<br />
Tasmanian devils, shellfish. <br />
<br />
===Could free living cancer cells survive and evolve?===<br />
<br />
Could cancer cells survive in sea water on their own and escape from their host? (Myxosporea?) <br />
<br />
===Beyond cells, cancer in super-organisms===<br />
<br />
Broadening our focus: social cancer of super-organisms?<br />
<br />
==The importance of the immune system in cancer==<br />
<br />
==The importance of pure research==<br />
<br />
==Classes here at UH==<br />
<br />
BIOL/MCB 472 Biology of Cancer, Howard Shen.<br />
<br />
=References=<br />
*Aktipis, C. A., Boddy, A. M., Jansen, G., Hibner, U., Hochberg, M. E., Maley, C. C., & Wilkinson, G. S. (2015). Cancer across the tree of life: cooperation and cheating in multicellularity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 370(1673), 20140219.<br />
*Callaway, E. (2015). How elephants avoid cancer. Nature, 1038, 18534.<br />
*Choi, C. Q. (2016) In Shellfish, Cancer Can Be Contagious. Live Science https://www.livescience.com/55156-transmissable-cancer-found-in-shellfish.html<br />
*Davidich, M. I., & Bornholdt, S. (2008). Boolean network model predicts cell cycle sequence of fission yeast. PloS one, 3(2), e1672.<br />
*Davis, D. (2020 (article accessed in 2019, date is inaccurate)). Why your immune system is key in the fight against cancer. ''WIRED Health'' https://www.wired.co.uk/article/immune-system-cancer<br />
*Dobata, S., Sasaki, T., Mori, H., Hasegawa, E., Shimada, M., & Tsuji, K. (2011). Persistence of the single lineage of transmissible ‘social cancer’in an asexual ant. Molecular ecology, 20(3), 441-455.<br />
*Doonan, J. H., & Sablowski, R. (2010). Walls around tumours—why plants do not develop cancer. ''Nature Reviews Cancer'', 10(11), 794.<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2000|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2000). The Hallmarks of Cancer. ''Cell'' 100(1): 57–70.]]<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2011|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. ''Cell'' 144(5): 646–674.]]<br />
*Hunt, T. (2015). Pursuing the impossible: an interview with Tim Hunt. BMC biology, 13(1), 64.<br />
*Panchin, A. Y., Aleoshin, V. V., & Panchin, Y. V. (2019). From tumors to species: a SCANDAL hypothesis. Biology direct, 14(1), 3.<br />
*Robertson, R. (2015). The discovery of cyclin: the unknown and the unknowable. ''On Biology'' https://blogs.biomedcentral.com/on-biology/2015/08/21/discovery-cyclin-unknown-unknowable/<br />
*Seluanov, A., Gladyshev, V. N., Vijg, J., & Gorbunova, V. (2018). Mechanisms of cancer resistance in long-lived mammals. Nature Reviews Cancer, 1.<br />
*Sprinzak, D., Lakhanpal, A., LeBon, L., Garcia-Ojalvo, J., & Elowitz, M. B. (2011). Mutual inactivation of Notch receptors and ligands facilitates developmental patterning. PLoS computational biology, 7(6), e1002069.<br />
*Tyson JJ, Chen K, Novak B. Network dynamics and cell physiology. Natl Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2001;2(12):908–916. doi: 10.1038/35103078.<br />
*Weiss, R. A., & Vogt, P. K. (2011). 100 years of Rous sarcoma virus. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 208(12), 2351-2355.</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Cancer_Genetics&diff=48Cancer Genetics2019-04-20T08:41:30Z<p>Floyd: /* Cancer across the tree of life */</p>
<hr />
<div>I am working on finishing up two manuscripts that touch upon aspects of cancer genetics and recently gave a guest lecture about cancer genetics in an undergraduate biology class. While I am actively thinking about it I want to collect some notes and resources together here. <br />
<br />
=Notes from a guest lecture on cancer genetics=<br />
<br />
Most people have direct personal experience with cancer. Either they themselves, a family member, or a close friend has been affected by cancer. <br />
<br />
Briefly review mitosis and the cell cycle. <br />
<br />
Give an example of the interactions of pRB, E2F, Cyclin D1, and Cdk4. <br />
<br />
Introduce Retinoblastoma.<br />
<br />
Cdk and cyclin amplification (multiple copies) and hyperactivation (overexpression) to oncogenes.<br />
<br />
Introduce p53. <br />
<br />
The discovery of cyclins.<br />
<br />
Cell cycle control regulatory network and Rube-Goldberg Machines<br />
<br />
Self resetting machines. <br />
<br />
wee1- rum1- double mutant.<br />
<br />
Cancer is a breakdown of cellular cooperation in multicellular organisms. <br />
<br />
Cells in multicellular organisms depend extensively on signals from other cells (like growth signals, cell death, etc.).<br />
<br />
Example of Notch Delta<br />
<br />
Enabling processes in the development of cancer. <br />
<br />
Development of a benign tumor. <br />
<br />
Transition of a benign tumor into a malignant tumor. <br />
<br />
Two general gene categories, oncogenes and tumor suppressors.<br />
<br />
What increases the rates of cancer?<br />
<br />
Rous sarcoma virus example. <br />
<br />
Inherited components versus environmental causes. <br />
<br />
Lifetime risk of cancer. <br />
<br />
Rates of cancer over the last 100 years. <br />
<br />
==The lag time between smoking and lung cancer==<br />
<br />
==Cancer incidence and age==<br />
<br />
==Cancer across the tree of life==<br />
Several factors have made cancer hard to study in the past. One of these may be that traditional model organisms are, unlike humans, short lived. In many ways cancer is a disease of age and possibly body size. Insights have come from studying a range of non-traditional long-lived species. <br />
<br />
Peto’s paradox. <br />
<br />
Elephants, Naked Mole Rats, Plants<br />
<br />
===Transmissible cancer=== <br />
<br />
Tasmanian devils, shellfish. <br />
<br />
===Could free living cancer cells survive and evolve?===<br />
<br />
Could cancer cells survive in sea water on their own and escape from their host? (Myxosporea?) <br />
<br />
===Beyond cells, cancer in super-organisms===<br />
<br />
Broadening our focus: social cancer of super-organisms?<br />
<br />
==The importance of the immune system in cancer==<br />
<br />
==The importance of pure research==<br />
<br />
==Classes here at UH==<br />
<br />
BIOL/MCB 472 Biology of Cancer, Howard Shen.<br />
<br />
=References=<br />
*Aktipis, C. A., Boddy, A. M., Jansen, G., Hibner, U., Hochberg, M. E., Maley, C. C., & Wilkinson, G. S. (2015). Cancer across the tree of life: cooperation and cheating in multicellularity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 370(1673), 20140219.<br />
*Callaway, E. (2015). How elephants avoid cancer. Nature, 1038, 18534.<br />
*Choi, C. Q. (2016) In Shellfish, Cancer Can Be Contagious. Live Science https://www.livescience.com/55156-transmissable-cancer-found-in-shellfish.html<br />
*Davidich, M. I., & Bornholdt, S. (2008). Boolean network model predicts cell cycle sequence of fission yeast. PloS one, 3(2), e1672.<br />
*Davis, D. (2020 (article accessed in 2019, date is inaccurate)). Why your immune system is key in the fight against cancer. ''WIRED Health'' https://www.wired.co.uk/article/immune-system-cancer<br />
*Dobata, S., Sasaki, T., Mori, H., Hasegawa, E., Shimada, M., & Tsuji, K. (2011). Persistence of the single lineage of transmissible ‘social cancer’in an asexual ant. Molecular ecology, 20(3), 441-455.<br />
*Doonan, J. H., & Sablowski, R. (2010). Walls around tumours—why plants do not develop cancer. ''Nature Reviews Cancer'', 10(11), 794.<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2000|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2000). The Hallmarks of Cancer. ''Cell'' 100(1): 57–70.]]<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2011|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. ''Cell'' 144(5): 646–674.]]<br />
*Hunt, T. (2015). Pursuing the impossible: an interview with Tim Hunt. BMC biology, 13(1), 64.<br />
*Panchin, A. Y., Aleoshin, V. V., & Panchin, Y. V. (2019). From tumors to species: a SCANDAL hypothesis. Biology direct, 14(1), 3.<br />
*Robertson, R. (2015). The discovery of cyclin: the unknown and the unknowable. ''On Biology'' https://blogs.biomedcentral.com/on-biology/2015/08/21/discovery-cyclin-unknown-unknowable/<br />
*Seluanov, A., Gladyshev, V. N., Vijg, J., & Gorbunova, V. (2018). Mechanisms of cancer resistance in long-lived mammals. Nature Reviews Cancer, 1.<br />
*Sprinzak, D., Lakhanpal, A., LeBon, L., Garcia-Ojalvo, J., & Elowitz, M. B. (2011). Mutual inactivation of Notch receptors and ligands facilitates developmental patterning. PLoS computational biology, 7(6), e1002069.<br />
*Tyson JJ, Chen K, Novak B. Network dynamics and cell physiology. Natl Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2001;2(12):908–916. doi: 10.1038/35103078.<br />
*Weiss, R. A., & Vogt, P. K. (2011). 100 years of Rous sarcoma virus. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 208(12), 2351-2355.</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Cancer_Genetics&diff=47Cancer Genetics2019-04-20T08:39:30Z<p>Floyd: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>I am working on finishing up two manuscripts that touch upon aspects of cancer genetics and recently gave a guest lecture about cancer genetics in an undergraduate biology class. While I am actively thinking about it I want to collect some notes and resources together here. <br />
<br />
=Notes from a guest lecture on cancer genetics=<br />
<br />
Most people have direct personal experience with cancer. Either they themselves, a family member, or a close friend has been affected by cancer. <br />
<br />
Briefly review mitosis and the cell cycle. <br />
<br />
Give an example of the interactions of pRB, E2F, Cyclin D1, and Cdk4. <br />
<br />
Introduce Retinoblastoma.<br />
<br />
Cdk and cyclin amplification (multiple copies) and hyperactivation (overexpression) to oncogenes.<br />
<br />
Introduce p53. <br />
<br />
The discovery of cyclins.<br />
<br />
Cell cycle control regulatory network and Rube-Goldberg Machines<br />
<br />
Self resetting machines. <br />
<br />
wee1- rum1- double mutant.<br />
<br />
Cancer is a breakdown of cellular cooperation in multicellular organisms. <br />
<br />
Cells in multicellular organisms depend extensively on signals from other cells (like growth signals, cell death, etc.).<br />
<br />
Example of Notch Delta<br />
<br />
Enabling processes in the development of cancer. <br />
<br />
Development of a benign tumor. <br />
<br />
Transition of a benign tumor into a malignant tumor. <br />
<br />
Two general gene categories, oncogenes and tumor suppressors.<br />
<br />
What increases the rates of cancer?<br />
<br />
Rous sarcoma virus example. <br />
<br />
Inherited components versus environmental causes. <br />
<br />
Lifetime risk of cancer. <br />
<br />
Rates of cancer over the last 100 years. <br />
<br />
==The lag time between smoking and lung cancer==<br />
<br />
==Cancer incidence and age==<br />
<br />
==Cancer across the tree of life==<br />
Several factors have made cancer hard to study in the past. One of these may be that traditional model organisms are, unlike humans, short lived. In many ways cancer is a disease of age and possibly body size. Insights have come from studying a range of non-traditional long-lived species. <br />
<br />
Peto’s paradox. <br />
<br />
Elephants, Naked Mole Rats, Plants<br />
<br />
===Transmissible cancer=== <br />
<br />
Tasmanian devils, shellfish. <br />
<br />
Could cancer cells survive in sea water on their own and escape from their host? (Myxosporea?) <br />
<br />
Broadening our focus: social cancer of super-organisms?<br />
<br />
==The importance of the immune system in cancer==<br />
<br />
==The importance of pure research==<br />
<br />
==Classes here at UH==<br />
<br />
BIOL/MCB 472 Biology of Cancer, Howard Shen.<br />
<br />
=References=<br />
*Aktipis, C. A., Boddy, A. M., Jansen, G., Hibner, U., Hochberg, M. E., Maley, C. C., & Wilkinson, G. S. (2015). Cancer across the tree of life: cooperation and cheating in multicellularity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 370(1673), 20140219.<br />
*Callaway, E. (2015). How elephants avoid cancer. Nature, 1038, 18534.<br />
*Choi, C. Q. (2016) In Shellfish, Cancer Can Be Contagious. Live Science https://www.livescience.com/55156-transmissable-cancer-found-in-shellfish.html<br />
*Davidich, M. I., & Bornholdt, S. (2008). Boolean network model predicts cell cycle sequence of fission yeast. PloS one, 3(2), e1672.<br />
*Davis, D. (2020 (article accessed in 2019, date is inaccurate)). Why your immune system is key in the fight against cancer. ''WIRED Health'' https://www.wired.co.uk/article/immune-system-cancer<br />
*Dobata, S., Sasaki, T., Mori, H., Hasegawa, E., Shimada, M., & Tsuji, K. (2011). Persistence of the single lineage of transmissible ‘social cancer’in an asexual ant. Molecular ecology, 20(3), 441-455.<br />
*Doonan, J. H., & Sablowski, R. (2010). Walls around tumours—why plants do not develop cancer. ''Nature Reviews Cancer'', 10(11), 794.<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2000|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2000). The Hallmarks of Cancer. ''Cell'' 100(1): 57–70.]]<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2011|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. ''Cell'' 144(5): 646–674.]]<br />
*Hunt, T. (2015). Pursuing the impossible: an interview with Tim Hunt. BMC biology, 13(1), 64.<br />
*Panchin, A. Y., Aleoshin, V. V., & Panchin, Y. V. (2019). From tumors to species: a SCANDAL hypothesis. Biology direct, 14(1), 3.<br />
*Robertson, R. (2015). The discovery of cyclin: the unknown and the unknowable. ''On Biology'' https://blogs.biomedcentral.com/on-biology/2015/08/21/discovery-cyclin-unknown-unknowable/<br />
*Seluanov, A., Gladyshev, V. N., Vijg, J., & Gorbunova, V. (2018). Mechanisms of cancer resistance in long-lived mammals. Nature Reviews Cancer, 1.<br />
*Sprinzak, D., Lakhanpal, A., LeBon, L., Garcia-Ojalvo, J., & Elowitz, M. B. (2011). Mutual inactivation of Notch receptors and ligands facilitates developmental patterning. PLoS computational biology, 7(6), e1002069.<br />
*Tyson JJ, Chen K, Novak B. Network dynamics and cell physiology. Natl Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2001;2(12):908–916. doi: 10.1038/35103078.<br />
*Weiss, R. A., & Vogt, P. K. (2011). 100 years of Rous sarcoma virus. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 208(12), 2351-2355.</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Cancer_Genetics&diff=46Cancer Genetics2019-04-20T08:35:35Z<p>Floyd: /* Notes from a guest lecture on cancer genetics */</p>
<hr />
<div>I am working on finishing up two manuscripts that touch upon aspects of cancer genetics and recently gave a guest lecture about cancer genetics in an undergraduate biology class. While I am actively thinking about it I want to collect some notes and resources together here. <br />
<br />
=Notes from a guest lecture on cancer genetics=<br />
<br />
Most people have direct personal experience with cancer. Either they themselves, a family member, or a close friend has been affected by cancer. <br />
<br />
Briefly review mitosis and the cell cycle. <br />
<br />
Give an example of the interactions of pRB, E2F, Cyclin D1, and Cdk4. <br />
<br />
Introduce Retinoblastoma.<br />
<br />
Cdk and cyclin amplification (multiple copies) and hyperactivation (overexpression) to oncogenes.<br />
<br />
Introduce p53. <br />
<br />
The discovery of cyclins.<br />
<br />
Cell cycle control regulatory network and Rube-Goldberg Machines<br />
<br />
Self resetting machines. <br />
<br />
wee1- rum1- double mutant.<br />
<br />
Cancer is a breakdown of cellular cooperation in multicellular organisms. <br />
<br />
Cells in multicellular organisms depend extensively on signals from other cells (like growth signals, cell death, etc.).<br />
<br />
Example of Notch Delta<br />
<br />
Enabling processes in the development of cancer. <br />
<br />
Development of a benign tumor. <br />
<br />
Transition of a benign tumor into a malignant tumor. <br />
<br />
Two general gene categories, oncogenes and tumor suppressors.<br />
<br />
What increases the rates of cancer?<br />
<br />
Rous sarcoma virus example. <br />
<br />
Inherited components versus environmental causes. <br />
<br />
Lifetime risk of cancer. <br />
<br />
Rates of cancer over the last 100 years. <br />
<br />
==The lag time between smoking and lung cancer==<br />
<br />
==Cancer incidence and age==<br />
<br />
==Cancer across the tree of life==<br />
Several factors have made cancer hard to study in the past. One of these may be that traditional model organisms are, unlike humans, short lived. In many ways cancer is a disease of age and possibly body size. Insights have come from studying a range of non-traditional long-lived species. <br />
<br />
Peto’s paradox. <br />
<br />
Elephants, Naked Mole Rats, Plants<br />
<br />
===Transmissible cancer=== <br />
<br />
Tasmanian devils, shellfish. <br />
<br />
Could cancer cells survive in sea water on their own and escape from their host? (Myxosporea?) <br />
<br />
Broadening our focus: social cancer of super-organisms?<br />
<br />
==The importance of the immune system in cancer==<br />
<br />
==The importance of pure research==<br />
<br />
==Classes here at UH==<br />
<br />
BIOL/MCB 472 Biology of Cancer, Howard Shen.<br />
<br />
=References=<br />
*Aktipis, C. A., Boddy, A. M., Jansen, G., Hibner, U., Hochberg, M. E., Maley, C. C., & Wilkinson, G. S. (2015). Cancer across the tree of life: cooperation and cheating in multicellularity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 370(1673), 20140219.<br />
*Callaway, E. (2015). How elephants avoid cancer. Nature, 1038, 18534.<br />
*Choi, C. Q. (2016) In Shellfish, Cancer Can Be Contagious. Live Science https://www.livescience.com/55156-transmissable-cancer-found-in-shellfish.html<br />
*Davidich, M. I., & Bornholdt, S. (2008). Boolean network model predicts cell cycle sequence of fission yeast. PloS one, 3(2), e1672.<br />
*Davis, D. (2020 (article accessed in 2019, date is inaccurate)). Why your immune system is key in the fight against cancer. ''WIRED Health'' https://www.wired.co.uk/article/immune-system-cancer<br />
*Doonan, J. H., & Sablowski, R. (2010). Walls around tumours—why plants do not develop cancer. ''Nature Reviews Cancer'', 10(11), 794.<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2000|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2000). The Hallmarks of Cancer. ''Cell'' 100(1): 57–70.]]<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2011|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. ''Cell'' 144(5): 646–674.]]<br />
*Hunt, T. (2015). Pursuing the impossible: an interview with Tim Hunt. BMC biology, 13(1), 64.<br />
*Panchin, A. Y., Aleoshin, V. V., & Panchin, Y. V. (2019). From tumors to species: a SCANDAL hypothesis. Biology direct, 14(1), 3.<br />
*Robertson, R. (2015). The discovery of cyclin: the unknown and the unknowable. ''On Biology'' https://blogs.biomedcentral.com/on-biology/2015/08/21/discovery-cyclin-unknown-unknowable/<br />
*Seluanov, A., Gladyshev, V. N., Vijg, J., & Gorbunova, V. (2018). Mechanisms of cancer resistance in long-lived mammals. Nature Reviews Cancer, 1.<br />
*Sprinzak, D., Lakhanpal, A., LeBon, L., Garcia-Ojalvo, J., & Elowitz, M. B. (2011). Mutual inactivation of Notch receptors and ligands facilitates developmental patterning. PLoS computational biology, 7(6), e1002069.<br />
*Tyson JJ, Chen K, Novak B. Network dynamics and cell physiology. Natl Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2001;2(12):908–916. doi: 10.1038/35103078.<br />
*Weiss, R. A., & Vogt, P. K. (2011). 100 years of Rous sarcoma virus. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 208(12), 2351-2355.</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Cancer_Genetics&diff=45Cancer Genetics2019-04-20T08:28:30Z<p>Floyd: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>I am working on finishing up two manuscripts that touch upon aspects of cancer genetics and recently gave a guest lecture about cancer genetics in an undergraduate biology class. While I am actively thinking about it I want to collect some notes and resources together here. <br />
<br />
=Notes from a guest lecture on cancer genetics=<br />
<br />
Most people have direct personal experience with cancer. Either they themselves, a family member, or a close friend has been affected by cancer. <br />
<br />
Briefly review mitosis and the cell cycle. <br />
<br />
Give an example of the interactions of pRB, E2F, Cyclin D1, and Cdk4. <br />
<br />
Introduce Retinoblastoma.<br />
<br />
Cdk and cyclin amplification (multiple copies) and hyperactivation (overexpression) to oncogenes.<br />
<br />
Introduce p53. <br />
<br />
The discovery of cyclins.<br />
<br />
Cell cycle control regulatory network and Rube-Goldberg Machines<br />
<br />
Self resetting machines. <br />
<br />
wee1- rum1- double mutant.<br />
<br />
Cancer is a breakdown of cellular cooperation in multicellular organisms. <br />
<br />
Cells in multicellular organisms depend extensively on signals from other cells (like growth signals, cell death, etc.).<br />
<br />
Example of Notch Delta<br />
<br />
Enabling processes in the development of cancer. <br />
<br />
Development of a benign tumor. <br />
<br />
Transition of a benign tumor into a malignant tumor. <br />
<br />
Two general gene categories, oncogenes and tumor suppressors.<br />
<br />
What increases the rates of cancer?<br />
<br />
Rous sarcoma virus example. <br />
<br />
Inherited components versus environmental causes. <br />
<br />
Lifetime risk of cancer. <br />
<br />
Rates of cancer over the last 100 years. <br />
<br />
The lag time between smoking and lung cancer. <br />
<br />
Cancer incidence and age. <br />
<br />
Cancer across the tree of life and Peto’s paradox. <br />
<br />
Elephants, Naked Mole Rats, Plants<br />
<br />
Transmissible cancer, Tasmanian devils, shellfish. <br />
<br />
Could cancer cells survive in sea water on their own and escape from their host? (Myxosporea?) <br />
<br />
Broadening our focus: social cancer of super-organisms?<br />
<br />
The importance of the immune system in cancer. <br />
<br />
The importance of pure research. <br />
<br />
Classes here at UH: BIOL/MCB 472 Biology of Cancer, Howard Shen.<br />
<br />
=References=<br />
*Aktipis, C. A., Boddy, A. M., Jansen, G., Hibner, U., Hochberg, M. E., Maley, C. C., & Wilkinson, G. S. (2015). Cancer across the tree of life: cooperation and cheating in multicellularity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 370(1673), 20140219.<br />
*Callaway, E. (2015). How elephants avoid cancer. Nature, 1038, 18534.<br />
*Choi, C. Q. (2016) In Shellfish, Cancer Can Be Contagious. Live Science https://www.livescience.com/55156-transmissable-cancer-found-in-shellfish.html<br />
*Davidich, M. I., & Bornholdt, S. (2008). Boolean network model predicts cell cycle sequence of fission yeast. PloS one, 3(2), e1672.<br />
*Davis, D. (2020 (article accessed in 2019, date is inaccurate)). Why your immune system is key in the fight against cancer. ''WIRED Health'' https://www.wired.co.uk/article/immune-system-cancer<br />
*Doonan, J. H., & Sablowski, R. (2010). Walls around tumours—why plants do not develop cancer. ''Nature Reviews Cancer'', 10(11), 794.<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2000|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2000). The Hallmarks of Cancer. ''Cell'' 100(1): 57–70.]]<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2011|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. ''Cell'' 144(5): 646–674.]]<br />
*Hunt, T. (2015). Pursuing the impossible: an interview with Tim Hunt. BMC biology, 13(1), 64.<br />
*Panchin, A. Y., Aleoshin, V. V., & Panchin, Y. V. (2019). From tumors to species: a SCANDAL hypothesis. Biology direct, 14(1), 3.<br />
*Robertson, R. (2015). The discovery of cyclin: the unknown and the unknowable. ''On Biology'' https://blogs.biomedcentral.com/on-biology/2015/08/21/discovery-cyclin-unknown-unknowable/<br />
*Seluanov, A., Gladyshev, V. N., Vijg, J., & Gorbunova, V. (2018). Mechanisms of cancer resistance in long-lived mammals. Nature Reviews Cancer, 1.<br />
*Sprinzak, D., Lakhanpal, A., LeBon, L., Garcia-Ojalvo, J., & Elowitz, M. B. (2011). Mutual inactivation of Notch receptors and ligands facilitates developmental patterning. PLoS computational biology, 7(6), e1002069.<br />
*Tyson JJ, Chen K, Novak B. Network dynamics and cell physiology. Natl Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2001;2(12):908–916. doi: 10.1038/35103078.<br />
*Weiss, R. A., & Vogt, P. K. (2011). 100 years of Rous sarcoma virus. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 208(12), 2351-2355.</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Cancer_Genetics&diff=44Cancer Genetics2019-04-20T08:21:49Z<p>Floyd: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>I am working on finishing up two manuscripts that touch upon aspects of cancer genetics and recently gave a guest lecture about cancer genetics in an undergraduate biology class. While I am actively thinking about it I want to collect some notes and resources together here. <br />
<br />
=Notes from a guest lecture on cancer genetics=<br />
<br />
Most people have direct personal experience with cancer. Either they themselves, a family member, or a close friend has been affected by cancer. <br />
<br />
Briefly review mitosis and the cell cycle. <br />
<br />
Give an example of the interactions of pRB, E2F, Cyclin D1, and Cdk4. <br />
<br />
Introduce Retinoblastoma.<br />
<br />
Cdk and cyclin amplification (multiple copies) and hyperactivation (overexpression) to oncogenes.<br />
<br />
Introduce p53. <br />
<br />
The discovery of cyclins.<br />
<br />
Cell cycle control regulatory network and Rube-Goldberg Machines<br />
<br />
Self resetting machines. <br />
<br />
wee1- rum1- double mutant.<br />
<br />
Cancer is a breakdown of cellular cooperation in multicellular organisms. <br />
<br />
Cells in multicellular organisms depend extensively on signals from other cells (like growth signals, cell death, etc.).<br />
<br />
Example of Notch Delta<br />
<br />
Enabling processes in the development of cancer. <br />
<br />
Development of a benign tumor. <br />
<br />
Transition of a benign tumor into a malignant tumor. <br />
<br />
Two general gene categories, oncogenes and tumor suppressors.<br />
<br />
What increases the rates of cancer?<br />
<br />
Rous sarcoma virus example. <br />
<br />
Inherited components versus environmental causes. <br />
<br />
Lifetime risk of cancer. <br />
<br />
Rates of cancer over the last 100 years. <br />
<br />
The lag time between smoking and lung cancer. <br />
<br />
Cancer incidence and age. <br />
<br />
Cancer across the tree of life and Peto’s paradox. <br />
<br />
Elephants, Naked Mole Rats, Plants<br />
<br />
Transmissible cancer, Tasmanian devils, shellfish. <br />
<br />
Could cancer cells survive in sea water on their own and escape from their host? (Myxosporea?) <br />
<br />
Broadening our focus: social cancer of super-organisms?<br />
<br />
The importance of the immune system in cancer. <br />
<br />
The importance of pure research. <br />
<br />
Classes here at UH: BIOL/MCB 472 Biology of Cancer, Howard Shen.<br />
<br />
=References=<br />
*Aktipis, C. A., Boddy, A. M., Jansen, G., Hibner, U., Hochberg, M. E., Maley, C. C., & Wilkinson, G. S. (2015). Cancer across the tree of life: cooperation and cheating in multicellularity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 370(1673), 20140219.<br />
*Callaway, E. (2015). How elephants avoid cancer. Nature, 1038, 18534.<br />
*Choi, C. Q. (2016) In Shellfish, Cancer Can Be Contagious. Live Science https://www.livescience.com/55156-transmissable-cancer-found-in-shellfish.html<br />
*Davidich, M. I., & Bornholdt, S. (2008). Boolean network model predicts cell cycle sequence of fission yeast. PloS one, 3(2), e1672.<br />
*Davis, D. (2020 (article accessed in 2019, date is inaccurate)). Why your immune system is key in the fight against cancer. ''WIRED Health'' https://www.wired.co.uk/article/immune-system-cancer<br />
*Doonan, J. H., & Sablowski, R. (2010). Walls around tumours—why plants do not develop cancer. ''Nature Reviews Cancer'', 10(11), 794.<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2000|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2000). The Hallmarks of Cancer. ''Cell'' 100(1): 57–70.]]<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2011|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. ''Cell'' 144(5): 646–674.]]<br />
*Hunt, T. (2015). Pursuing the impossible: an interview with Tim Hunt. BMC biology, 13(1), 64.<br />
*Panchin, A. Y., Aleoshin, V. V., & Panchin, Y. V. (2019). From tumors to species: a SCANDAL hypothesis. Biology direct, 14(1), 3.<br />
*Robertson, R. (2015). The discovery of cyclin: the unknown and the unknowable. ''On Biology'' https://blogs.biomedcentral.com/on-biology/2015/08/21/discovery-cyclin-unknown-unknowable/<br />
*Sprinzak, D., Lakhanpal, A., LeBon, L., Garcia-Ojalvo, J., & Elowitz, M. B. (2011). Mutual inactivation of Notch receptors and ligands facilitates developmental patterning. PLoS computational biology, 7(6), e1002069.<br />
*Tyson JJ, Chen K, Novak B. Network dynamics and cell physiology. Natl Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2001;2(12):908–916. doi: 10.1038/35103078.<br />
*Weiss, R. A., & Vogt, P. K. (2011). 100 years of Rous sarcoma virus. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 208(12), 2351-2355.</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Cancer_Genetics&diff=43Cancer Genetics2019-04-20T08:20:32Z<p>Floyd: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>I am working on finishing up two manuscripts that touch upon aspects of cancer genetics and recently gave a guest lecture about cancer genetics in an undergraduate biology class. While I am actively thinking about it I want to collect some notes and resources together here. <br />
<br />
=Notes from a guest lecture on cancer genetics=<br />
<br />
Most people have direct personal experience with cancer. Either they themselves, a family member, or a close friend has been affected by cancer. <br />
<br />
Briefly review mitosis and the cell cycle. <br />
<br />
Give an example of the interactions of pRB, E2F, Cyclin D1, and Cdk4. <br />
<br />
Introduce Retinoblastoma.<br />
<br />
Cdk and cyclin amplification (multiple copies) and hyperactivation (overexpression) to oncogenes.<br />
<br />
Introduce p53. <br />
<br />
The discovery of cyclins.<br />
<br />
Cell cycle control regulatory network and Rube-Goldberg Machines<br />
<br />
Self resetting machines. <br />
<br />
wee1- rum1- double mutant.<br />
<br />
Cancer is a breakdown of cellular cooperation in multicellular organisms. <br />
<br />
Cells in multicellular organisms depend extensively on signals from other cells (like growth signals, cell death, etc.).<br />
<br />
Example of Notch Delta<br />
<br />
Enabling processes in the development of cancer. <br />
<br />
Development of a benign tumor. <br />
<br />
Transition of a benign tumor into a malignant tumor. <br />
<br />
Two general gene categories, oncogenes and tumor suppressors.<br />
<br />
What increases the rates of cancer?<br />
<br />
Rous sarcoma virus example. <br />
<br />
Inherited components versus environmental causes. <br />
<br />
Lifetime risk of cancer. <br />
<br />
Rates of cancer over the last 100 years. <br />
<br />
The lag time between smoking and lung cancer. <br />
<br />
Cancer incidence and age. <br />
<br />
Cancer across the tree of life and Peto’s paradox. <br />
<br />
Elephants, Naked Mole Rats, Plants<br />
<br />
Transmissible cancer, Tasmanian devils, shellfish. <br />
<br />
Could cancer cells survive in sea water on their own and escape from their host? (Myxosporea?) <br />
<br />
Broadening our focus: social cancer of super-organisms?<br />
<br />
The importance of the immune system in cancer. <br />
<br />
The importance of pure research. <br />
<br />
Classes here at UH: BIOL/MCB 472 Biology of Cancer, Howard Shen.<br />
<br />
=References=<br />
*Aktipis, C. A., Boddy, A. M., Jansen, G., Hibner, U., Hochberg, M. E., Maley, C. C., & Wilkinson, G. S. (2015). Cancer across the tree of life: cooperation and cheating in multicellularity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 370(1673), 20140219.<br />
*Callaway, E. (2015). How elephants avoid cancer. Nature, 1038, 18534.<br />
*Choi, C. Q. (2016) In Shellfish, Cancer Can Be Contagious. Live Science https://www.livescience.com/55156-transmissable-cancer-found-in-shellfish.html<br />
*Davidich, M. I., & Bornholdt, S. (2008). Boolean network model predicts cell cycle sequence of fission yeast. PloS one, 3(2), e1672.<br />
*Davis, D. (2020 (article accessed in 2019, date is inaccurate)). Why your immune system is key in the fight against cancer. ''WIRED Health'' https://www.wired.co.uk/article/immune-system-cancer<br />
*Doonan, J. H., & Sablowski, R. (2010). Walls around tumours—why plants do not develop cancer. ''Nature Reviews Cancer'', 10(11), 794.<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2000|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2000). The Hallmarks of Cancer. ''Cell'' 100(1): 57–70.]]<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2011|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. ''Cell'' 144(5): 646–674.]]<br />
*Panchin, A. Y., Aleoshin, V. V., & Panchin, Y. V. (2019). From tumors to species: a SCANDAL hypothesis. Biology direct, 14(1), 3.<br />
*Robertson, R. (2015). The discovery of cyclin: the unknown and the unknowable. ''On Biology'' https://blogs.biomedcentral.com/on-biology/2015/08/21/discovery-cyclin-unknown-unknowable/<br />
*Sprinzak, D., Lakhanpal, A., LeBon, L., Garcia-Ojalvo, J., & Elowitz, M. B. (2011). Mutual inactivation of Notch receptors and ligands facilitates developmental patterning. PLoS computational biology, 7(6), e1002069.<br />
*Tyson JJ, Chen K, Novak B. Network dynamics and cell physiology. Natl Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2001;2(12):908–916. doi: 10.1038/35103078.<br />
*Weiss, R. A., & Vogt, P. K. (2011). 100 years of Rous sarcoma virus. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 208(12), 2351-2355.</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Cancer_Genetics&diff=42Cancer Genetics2019-04-20T08:17:59Z<p>Floyd: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>I am working on finishing up two manuscripts that touch upon aspects of cancer genetics and recently gave a guest lecture about cancer genetics in an undergraduate biology class. While I am actively thinking about it I want to collect some notes and resources together here. <br />
<br />
=Notes from a guest lecture on cancer genetics=<br />
<br />
Most people have direct personal experience with cancer. Either they themselves, a family member, or a close friend has been affected by cancer. <br />
<br />
Briefly review mitosis and the cell cycle. <br />
<br />
Give an example of the interactions of pRB, E2F, Cyclin D1, and Cdk4. <br />
<br />
Introduce Retinoblastoma.<br />
<br />
Cdk and cyclin amplification (multiple copies) and hyperactivation (overexpression) to oncogenes.<br />
<br />
Introduce p53. <br />
<br />
The discovery of cyclins.<br />
<br />
Cell cycle control regulatory network and Rube-Goldberg Machines<br />
<br />
Self resetting machines. <br />
<br />
wee1- rum1- double mutant.<br />
<br />
Cancer is a breakdown of cellular cooperation in multicellular organisms. <br />
<br />
Cells in multicellular organisms depend extensively on signals from other cells (like growth signals, cell death, etc.).<br />
<br />
Example of Notch Delta<br />
<br />
Enabling processes in the development of cancer. <br />
<br />
Development of a benign tumor. <br />
<br />
Transition of a benign tumor into a malignant tumor. <br />
<br />
Two general gene categories, oncogenes and tumor suppressors.<br />
<br />
What increases the rates of cancer?<br />
<br />
Rous sarcoma virus example. <br />
<br />
Inherited components versus environmental causes. <br />
<br />
Lifetime risk of cancer. <br />
<br />
Rates of cancer over the last 100 years. <br />
<br />
The lag time between smoking and lung cancer. <br />
<br />
Cancer incidence and age. <br />
<br />
Cancer across the tree of life and Peto’s paradox. <br />
<br />
Elephants, Naked Mole Rats, Plants<br />
<br />
Transmissible cancer, Tasmanian devils, shellfish. <br />
<br />
Could cancer cells survive in sea water on their own and escape from their host? (Myxosporea?) <br />
<br />
Broadening our focus: social cancer of super-organisms?<br />
<br />
The importance of the immune system in cancer. <br />
<br />
The importance of pure research. <br />
<br />
Classes here at UH: BIOL/MCB 472 Biology of Cancer, Howard Shen.<br />
<br />
=References=<br />
*Aktipis, C. A., Boddy, A. M., Jansen, G., Hibner, U., Hochberg, M. E., Maley, C. C., & Wilkinson, G. S. (2015). Cancer across the tree of life: cooperation and cheating in multicellularity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 370(1673), 20140219.<br />
*Callaway, E. (2015). How elephants avoid cancer. Nature, 1038, 18534.<br />
*Davidich, M. I., & Bornholdt, S. (2008). Boolean network model predicts cell cycle sequence of fission yeast. PloS one, 3(2), e1672.<br />
*Davis, D. (2020 (article accessed in 2019, date is inaccurate)). Why your immune system is key in the fight against cancer. ''WIRED Health'' https://www.wired.co.uk/article/immune-system-cancer<br />
*Doonan, J. H., & Sablowski, R. (2010). Walls around tumours—why plants do not develop cancer. ''Nature Reviews Cancer'', 10(11), 794.<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2000|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2000). The Hallmarks of Cancer. ''Cell'' 100(1): 57–70.]]<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2011|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. ''Cell'' 144(5): 646–674.]]<br />
*Panchin, A. Y., Aleoshin, V. V., & Panchin, Y. V. (2019). From tumors to species: a SCANDAL hypothesis. Biology direct, 14(1), 3.<br />
*Robertson, R. (2015). The discovery of cyclin: the unknown and the unknowable. ''On Biology'' https://blogs.biomedcentral.com/on-biology/2015/08/21/discovery-cyclin-unknown-unknowable/<br />
*Sprinzak, D., Lakhanpal, A., LeBon, L., Garcia-Ojalvo, J., & Elowitz, M. B. (2011). Mutual inactivation of Notch receptors and ligands facilitates developmental patterning. PLoS computational biology, 7(6), e1002069.<br />
*Tyson JJ, Chen K, Novak B. Network dynamics and cell physiology. Natl Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2001;2(12):908–916. doi: 10.1038/35103078.<br />
*Weiss, R. A., & Vogt, P. K. (2011). 100 years of Rous sarcoma virus. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 208(12), 2351-2355.</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Cancer_Genetics&diff=41Cancer Genetics2019-04-20T07:51:50Z<p>Floyd: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>I am working on finishing up two manuscripts that touch upon aspects of cancer genetics and recently gave a guest lecture about cancer genetics in an undergraduate biology class. While I am actively thinking about it I want to collect some notes and resources together here. <br />
<br />
=Notes from a guest lecture on cancer genetics=<br />
<br />
Most people have direct personal experience with cancer. Either they themselves, a family member, or a close friend has been affected by cancer. <br />
<br />
Briefly review mitosis and the cell cycle. <br />
<br />
Give an example of the interactions of pRB, E2F, Cyclin D1, and Cdk4. <br />
<br />
Introduce Retinoblastoma.<br />
<br />
Cdk and cyclin amplification (multiple copies) and hyperactivation (overexpression) to oncogenes.<br />
<br />
Introduce p53. <br />
<br />
The discovery of cyclins.<br />
<br />
Cell cycle control regulatory network and Rube-Goldberg Machines<br />
<br />
Self resetting machines. <br />
<br />
wee1- rum1- double mutant.<br />
<br />
Cancer is a breakdown of cellular cooperation in multicellular organisms. <br />
<br />
Cells in multicellular organisms depend extensively on signals from other cells (like growth signals, cell death, etc.).<br />
<br />
Example of Notch Delta<br />
<br />
Enabling processes in the development of cancer. <br />
<br />
Development of a benign tumor. <br />
<br />
Transition of a benign tumor into a malignant tumor. <br />
<br />
Two general gene categories, oncogenes and tumor suppressors.<br />
<br />
What increases the rates of cancer?<br />
<br />
Rous sarcoma virus example. <br />
<br />
Inherited components versus environmental causes. <br />
<br />
Lifetime risk of cancer. <br />
<br />
Rates of cancer over the last 100 years. <br />
<br />
The lag time between smoking and lung cancer. <br />
<br />
Cancer incidence and age. <br />
<br />
Cancer across the tree of life and Peto’s paradox. <br />
<br />
Elephants, Naked Mole Rats, Plants<br />
<br />
Transmissible cancer, Tasmanian devils, shellfish. <br />
<br />
Could cancer cells survive in sea water on their own and escape from their host? (Myxosporea?) <br />
<br />
Broadening our focus: social cancer of super-organisms?<br />
<br />
The importance of the immune system in cancer. <br />
<br />
The importance of pure research. <br />
<br />
Classes here at UH: BIOL/MCB 472 Biology of Cancer, Howard Shen.<br />
<br />
=References=<br />
*Aktipis, C. A., Boddy, A. M., Jansen, G., Hibner, U., Hochberg, M. E., Maley, C. C., & Wilkinson, G. S. (2015). Cancer across the tree of life: cooperation and cheating in multicellularity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 370(1673), 20140219.<br />
*Callaway, E. (2015). How elephants avoid cancer. Nature, 1038, 18534.<br />
*Davidich, M. I., & Bornholdt, S. (2008). Boolean network model predicts cell cycle sequence of fission yeast. PloS one, 3(2), e1672.<br />
*Doonan, J. H., & Sablowski, R. (2010). Walls around tumours—why plants do not develop cancer. ''Nature Reviews Cancer'', 10(11), 794.<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2000|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2000). The Hallmarks of Cancer. ''Cell'' 100(1): 57–70.]]<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2011|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. ''Cell'' 144(5): 646–674.]]<br />
*Panchin, A. Y., Aleoshin, V. V., & Panchin, Y. V. (2019). From tumors to species: a SCANDAL hypothesis. Biology direct, 14(1), 3.<br />
*Robertson, R. (2015). The discovery of cyclin: the unknown and the unknowable. ''On Biology'' https://blogs.biomedcentral.com/on-biology/2015/08/21/discovery-cyclin-unknown-unknowable/<br />
*Sprinzak, D., Lakhanpal, A., LeBon, L., Garcia-Ojalvo, J., & Elowitz, M. B. (2011). Mutual inactivation of Notch receptors and ligands facilitates developmental patterning. PLoS computational biology, 7(6), e1002069.<br />
*Tyson JJ, Chen K, Novak B. Network dynamics and cell physiology. Natl Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2001;2(12):908–916. doi: 10.1038/35103078.<br />
*Weiss, R. A., & Vogt, P. K. (2011). 100 years of Rous sarcoma virus. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 208(12), 2351-2355.</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Cancer_Genetics&diff=40Cancer Genetics2019-04-20T07:51:29Z<p>Floyd: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>I am working on finishing up two manuscripts that touch upon aspects of cancer genetics and recently gave a guest lecture about cancer genetics in an undergraduate biology class. While I am actively thinking about it I want to collect some notes and resources together here. <br />
<br />
=Notes from a guest lecture on cancer genetics=<br />
<br />
Most people have direct personal experience with cancer. Either they themselves, a family member, or a close friend has been affected by cancer. <br />
<br />
Briefly review mitosis and the cell cycle. <br />
<br />
Give an example of the interactions of pRB, E2F, Cyclin D1, and Cdk4. <br />
<br />
Introduce Retinoblastoma.<br />
<br />
Cdk and cyclin amplification (multiple copies) and hyperactivation (overexpression) to oncogenes.<br />
<br />
Introduce p53. <br />
<br />
The discovery of cyclins.<br />
<br />
Cell cycle control regulatory network and Rube-Goldberg Machines<br />
<br />
Self resetting machines. <br />
<br />
wee1- rum1- double mutant.<br />
<br />
Cancer is a breakdown of cellular cooperation in multicellular organisms. <br />
<br />
Cells in multicellular organisms depend extensively on signals from other cells (like growth signals, cell death, etc.).<br />
<br />
Example of Notch Delta<br />
<br />
Enabling processes in the development of cancer. <br />
<br />
Development of a benign tumor. <br />
<br />
Transition of a benign tumor into a malignant tumor. <br />
<br />
Two general gene categories, oncogenes and tumor suppressors.<br />
<br />
What increases the rates of cancer?<br />
<br />
Rous sarcoma virus example. <br />
<br />
Inherited components versus environmental causes. <br />
<br />
Lifetime risk of cancer. <br />
<br />
Rates of cancer over the last 100 years. <br />
<br />
The lag time between smoking and lung cancer. <br />
<br />
Cancer incidence and age. <br />
<br />
Cancer across the tree of life and Peto’s paradox. <br />
<br />
Elephants, Naked Mole Rats, Plants<br />
<br />
Transmissible cancer, Tasmanian devils, shellfish. <br />
<br />
Could cancer cells survive in sea water on their own and escape from their host? (Myxosporea?) <br />
<br />
Broadening our focus: social cancer of super-organisms?<br />
<br />
The importance of the immune system in cancer. <br />
<br />
The importance of pure research. <br />
<br />
Classes here at UH: BIOL/MCB 472 Biology of Cancer, Howard Shen.<br />
<br />
=References=<br />
*Aktipis, C. A., Boddy, A. M., Jansen, G., Hibner, U., Hochberg, M. E., Maley, C. C., & Wilkinson, G. S. (2015). Cancer across the tree of life: cooperation and cheating in multicellularity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 370(1673), 20140219.<br />
*Callaway, E. (2015). How elephants avoid cancer. Nature, 1038, 18534.<br />
*Davidich, M. I., & Bornholdt, S. (2008). Boolean network model predicts cell cycle sequence of fission yeast. PloS one, 3(2), e1672.<br />
*Doonan, J. H., & Sablowski, R. (2010). Walls around tumours—why plants do not develop cancer. ''Nature Reviews Cancer'', 10(11), 794.<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2000|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2000). The Hallmarks of Cancer. ''Cell'' 100(1): 57–70.]]<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2011|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. ''Cell'' 144(5): 646–674.]]<br />
*Panchin, A. Y., Aleoshin, V. V., & Panchin, Y. V. (2019). From tumors to species: a SCANDAL hypothesis. Biology direct, 14(1), 3.<br />
*Robertson, R. (2015) The discovery of cyclin: the unknown and the unknowable. ''On Biology'' https://blogs.biomedcentral.com/on-biology/2015/08/21/discovery-cyclin-unknown-unknowable/<br />
*Sprinzak, D., Lakhanpal, A., LeBon, L., Garcia-Ojalvo, J., & Elowitz, M. B. (2011). Mutual inactivation of Notch receptors and ligands facilitates developmental patterning. PLoS computational biology, 7(6), e1002069.<br />
*Tyson JJ, Chen K, Novak B. Network dynamics and cell physiology. Natl Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2001;2(12):908–916. doi: 10.1038/35103078.<br />
*Weiss, R. A., & Vogt, P. K. (2011). 100 years of Rous sarcoma virus. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 208(12), 2351-2355.</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Hanahan_and_Weinberg_2011&diff=39Hanahan and Weinberg 20112019-04-20T07:36:07Z<p>Floyd: </p>
<hr />
<div>=Reference=<br />
Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. ''Cell'' 144(5): 646–674.<br />
<br />
=Links=<br />
*https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0092867411001279<br />
*https://scholar.google.com/scholar?cluster=9934446088204236518<br />
*http://www.hawaiireedlab.com/pdf/h/hanahanandweinberg2011.pdf (internal lab link only)<br />
<br />
=Abstract=<br />
The hallmarks of cancer comprise six biological capabilities acquired during the multistep development of human tumors. The hallmarks constitute an organizing principle for rationalizing the complexities of neoplastic disease. They include sustaining proliferative signaling, evading growth suppressors, resisting cell death, enabling replicative immortality, inducing angiogenesis, and activating invasion and metastasis. Underlying these hallmarks are genome instability, which generates the genetic diversity that expedites their acquisition, and inflammation, which fosters multiple hallmark functions. Conceptual progress in the last decade has added two emerging hallmarks of potential generality to this list—reprogramming of energy metabolism and evading immune destruction. In addition to cancer cells, tumors exhibit another dimension of complexity: they contain a repertoire of recruited, ostensibly normal cells that contribute to the acquisition of hallmark traits by creating the “tumor microenvironment.” Recognition of the widespread applicability of these concepts will increasingly affect the development of new means to treat human cancer.<br />
<br />
[[Category:Publication]]</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Hanahan_and_Weinberg_2011&diff=38Hanahan and Weinberg 20112019-04-20T07:35:34Z<p>Floyd: /* Links */</p>
<hr />
<div>=Reference=<br />
Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. ''Cell'' 144(5): 646–674.<br />
<br />
=Links=<br />
*https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0092867411001279<br />
*https://scholar.google.com/scholar?cluster=9934446088204236518<br />
*http://www.hawaiireedlab.com/pdf/h/hanahanandweinberg2011.pdf (internal lab link only)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Publication]]</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Hanahan_and_Weinberg_2011&diff=37Hanahan and Weinberg 20112019-04-20T07:35:01Z<p>Floyd: /* Links */</p>
<hr />
<div>=Reference=<br />
Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. ''Cell'' 144(5): 646–674.<br />
<br />
=Links=<br />
*https://scholar.google.com/scholar?cluster=9934446088204236518<br />
*http://www.hawaiireedlab.com/pdf/h/hanahanandweinberg2011.pdf (internal lab link only)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Publication]]</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Hanahan_and_Weinberg_2011&diff=36Hanahan and Weinberg 20112019-04-20T07:34:16Z<p>Floyd: /* Links */</p>
<hr />
<div>=Reference=<br />
Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. ''Cell'' 144(5): 646–674.<br />
<br />
=Links=<br />
*http://www.hawaiireedlab.com/pdf/h/hanahanandweinberg2011.pdf (internal lab link only)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Publication]]</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Hanahan_and_Weinberg_2011&diff=35Hanahan and Weinberg 20112019-04-20T07:33:34Z<p>Floyd: Created page with "=Reference= Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. ''Cell'' 144(5): 646–674. =Links= Category:Publication"</p>
<hr />
<div>=Reference=<br />
Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. ''Cell'' 144(5): 646–674.<br />
<br />
=Links=<br />
<br />
[[Category:Publication]]</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Cancer_Genetics&diff=34Cancer Genetics2019-04-20T07:32:58Z<p>Floyd: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>I am working on finishing up two manuscripts that touch upon aspects of cancer genetics and recently gave a guest lecture about cancer genetics in an undergraduate biology class. While I am actively thinking about it I want to collect some notes and resources together here. <br />
<br />
=Notes from a guest lecture on cancer genetics=<br />
<br />
Most people have direct personal experience with cancer. Either they themselves, a family member, or a close friend has been affected by cancer. <br />
<br />
Briefly review mitosis and the cell cycle. <br />
<br />
Give an example of the interactions of pRB, E2F, Cyclin D1, and Cdk4. <br />
<br />
Introduce Retinoblastoma.<br />
<br />
Cdk and cyclin amplification (multiple copies) and hyperactivation (overexpression) to oncogenes.<br />
<br />
Introduce p53. <br />
<br />
The discovery of cyclins.<br />
<br />
Cell cycle control regulatory network and Rube-Goldberg Machines<br />
<br />
Self resetting machines. <br />
<br />
wee1- rum1- double mutant.<br />
<br />
Cancer is a breakdown of cellular cooperation in multicellular organisms. <br />
<br />
Cells in multicellular organisms depend extensively on signals from other cells (like growth signals, cell death, etc.).<br />
<br />
Example of Notch Delta<br />
<br />
Enabling processes in the development of cancer. <br />
<br />
Development of a benign tumor. <br />
<br />
Transition of a benign tumor into a malignant tumor. <br />
<br />
Two general gene categories, oncogenes and tumor suppressors.<br />
<br />
What increases the rates of cancer?<br />
<br />
Rous sarcoma virus example. <br />
<br />
Inherited components versus environmental causes. <br />
<br />
Lifetime risk of cancer. <br />
<br />
Rates of cancer over the last 100 years. <br />
<br />
The lag time between smoking and lung cancer. <br />
<br />
Cancer incidence and age. <br />
<br />
Cancer across the tree of life and Peto’s paradox. <br />
<br />
Elephants, Naked Mole Rats, Plants<br />
<br />
Transmissible cancer, Tasmanian devils, shellfish. <br />
<br />
Could cancer cells survive in sea water on their own and escape from their host? (Myxosporea?) <br />
<br />
Broadening our focus: social cancer of super-organisms?<br />
<br />
The importance of the immune system in cancer. <br />
<br />
The importance of pure research. <br />
<br />
Classes here at UH: BIOL/MCB 472 Biology of Cancer, Howard Shen.<br />
<br />
=References=<br />
*Aktipis, C. A., Boddy, A. M., Jansen, G., Hibner, U., Hochberg, M. E., Maley, C. C., & Wilkinson, G. S. (2015). Cancer across the tree of life: cooperation and cheating in multicellularity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 370(1673), 20140219.<br />
*Callaway, E. (2015). How elephants avoid cancer. Nature, 1038, 18534.<br />
*Davidich, M. I., & Bornholdt, S. (2008). Boolean network model predicts cell cycle sequence of fission yeast. PloS one, 3(2), e1672.<br />
*Doonan, J. H., & Sablowski, R. (2010). Walls around tumours—why plants do not develop cancer. ''Nature Reviews Cancer'', 10(11), 794.<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2000|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2000). The Hallmarks of Cancer. ''Cell'' 100(1): 57–70.]]<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2011|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. ''Cell'' 144(5): 646–674.]]<br />
*Panchin, A. Y., Aleoshin, V. V., & Panchin, Y. V. (2019). From tumors to species: a SCANDAL hypothesis. Biology direct, 14(1), 3.<br />
*Sprinzak, D., Lakhanpal, A., LeBon, L., Garcia-Ojalvo, J., & Elowitz, M. B. (2011). Mutual inactivation of Notch receptors and ligands facilitates developmental patterning. PLoS computational biology, 7(6), e1002069.<br />
*Tyson JJ, Chen K, Novak B. Network dynamics and cell physiology. Natl Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2001;2(12):908–916. doi: 10.1038/35103078.<br />
*Weiss, R. A., & Vogt, P. K. (2011). 100 years of Rous sarcoma virus. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 208(12), 2351-2355.</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Cancer_Genetics&diff=33Cancer Genetics2019-04-20T07:28:48Z<p>Floyd: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>I am working on finishing up two manuscripts that touch upon aspects of cancer genetics and recently gave a guest lecture about cancer genetics in an undergraduate biology class. While I am actively thinking about it I want to collect some notes and resources together here. <br />
<br />
=Notes from a guest lecture on cancer genetics=<br />
<br />
Most people have direct personal experience with cancer. Either they themselves, a family member, or a close friend has been affected by cancer. <br />
<br />
Briefly review mitosis and the cell cycle. <br />
<br />
Give an example of the interactions of pRB, E2F, Cyclin D1, and Cdk4. <br />
<br />
Introduce Retinoblastoma.<br />
<br />
Cdk and cyclin amplification (multiple copies) and hyperactivation (overexpression) to oncogenes.<br />
<br />
Introduce p53. <br />
<br />
The discovery of cyclins.<br />
<br />
Cell cycle control regulatory network and Rube-Goldberg Machines<br />
<br />
Self resetting machines. <br />
<br />
wee1- rum1- double mutant.<br />
<br />
Cancer is a breakdown of cellular cooperation in multicellular organisms. <br />
<br />
Cells in multicellular organisms depend extensively on signals from other cells (like growth signals, cell death, etc.).<br />
<br />
Example of Notch Delta<br />
<br />
Enabling processes in the development of cancer. <br />
<br />
Development of a benign tumor. <br />
<br />
Transition of a benign tumor into a malignant tumor. <br />
<br />
Two general gene categories, oncogenes and tumor suppressors.<br />
<br />
What increases the rates of cancer?<br />
<br />
Rous sarcoma virus example. <br />
<br />
Inherited components versus environmental causes. <br />
<br />
Lifetime risk of cancer. <br />
<br />
Rates of cancer over the last 100 years. <br />
<br />
The lag time between smoking and lung cancer. <br />
<br />
Cancer incidence and age. <br />
<br />
Cancer across the tree of life and Peto’s paradox. <br />
<br />
Elephants, Naked Mole Rats, Plants<br />
<br />
Transmissible cancer, Tasmanian devils, shellfish. <br />
<br />
Could cancer cells survive in sea water on their own and escape from their host? (Myxosporea?) <br />
<br />
Broadening our focus: social cancer of super-organisms?<br />
<br />
The importance of the immune system in cancer. <br />
<br />
The importance of pure research. <br />
<br />
Classes here at UH: BIOL/MCB 472 Biology of Cancer, Howard Shen.<br />
<br />
=References=<br />
*Aktipis, C. A., Boddy, A. M., Jansen, G., Hibner, U., Hochberg, M. E., Maley, C. C., & Wilkinson, G. S. (2015). Cancer across the tree of life: cooperation and cheating in multicellularity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 370(1673), 20140219.<br />
*Callaway, E. (2015). How elephants avoid cancer. Nature, 1038, 18534.<br />
*Davidich, M. I., & Bornholdt, S. (2008). Boolean network model predicts cell cycle sequence of fission yeast. PloS one, 3(2), e1672.<br />
*Doonan, J. H., & Sablowski, R. (2010). Walls around tumours—why plants do not develop cancer. ''Nature Reviews Cancer'', 10(11), 794.<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2000|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2000). The Hallmarks of Cancer. ''Cell'' 100(1): 57–70.]]<br />
*Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. ''Cell'' 144(5): 646–674.<br />
*Panchin, A. Y., Aleoshin, V. V., & Panchin, Y. V. (2019). From tumors to species: a SCANDAL hypothesis. Biology direct, 14(1), 3.<br />
*Sprinzak, D., Lakhanpal, A., LeBon, L., Garcia-Ojalvo, J., & Elowitz, M. B. (2011). Mutual inactivation of Notch receptors and ligands facilitates developmental patterning. PLoS computational biology, 7(6), e1002069.<br />
*Tyson JJ, Chen K, Novak B. Network dynamics and cell physiology. Natl Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2001;2(12):908–916. doi: 10.1038/35103078.<br />
*Weiss, R. A., & Vogt, P. K. (2011). 100 years of Rous sarcoma virus. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 208(12), 2351-2355.</div>Floydhttp://hawaiireedlab.com/wiki/index.php?title=Cancer_Genetics&diff=32Cancer Genetics2019-04-20T07:27:02Z<p>Floyd: /* Notes from a guest lecture on cancer genetics */</p>
<hr />
<div>I am working on finishing up two manuscripts that touch upon aspects of cancer genetics and recently gave a guest lecture about cancer genetics in an undergraduate biology class. While I am actively thinking about it I want to collect some notes and resources together here. <br />
<br />
=Notes from a guest lecture on cancer genetics=<br />
<br />
Most people have direct personal experience with cancer. Either they themselves, a family member, or a close friend has been affected by cancer. <br />
<br />
Briefly review mitosis and the cell cycle. <br />
<br />
Give an example of the interactions of pRB, E2F, Cyclin D1, and Cdk4. <br />
<br />
Introduce Retinoblastoma.<br />
<br />
Cdk and cyclin amplification (multiple copies) and hyperactivation (overexpression) to oncogenes.<br />
<br />
Introduce p53. <br />
<br />
The discovery of cyclins.<br />
<br />
Cell cycle control regulatory network and Rube-Goldberg Machines<br />
<br />
Self resetting machines. <br />
<br />
wee1- rum1- double mutant.<br />
<br />
Cancer is a breakdown of cellular cooperation in multicellular organisms. <br />
<br />
Cells in multicellular organisms depend extensively on signals from other cells (like growth signals, cell death, etc.).<br />
<br />
Example of Notch Delta<br />
<br />
Enabling processes in the development of cancer. <br />
<br />
Development of a benign tumor. <br />
<br />
Transition of a benign tumor into a malignant tumor. <br />
<br />
Two general gene categories, oncogenes and tumor suppressors.<br />
<br />
What increases the rates of cancer?<br />
<br />
Rous sarcoma virus example. <br />
<br />
Inherited components versus environmental causes. <br />
<br />
Lifetime risk of cancer. <br />
<br />
Rates of cancer over the last 100 years. <br />
<br />
The lag time between smoking and lung cancer. <br />
<br />
Cancer incidence and age. <br />
<br />
Cancer across the tree of life and Peto’s paradox. <br />
<br />
Elephants, Naked Mole Rats, Plants<br />
<br />
Transmissible cancer, Tasmanian devils, shellfish. <br />
<br />
Could cancer cells survive in sea water on their own and escape from their host? (Myxosporea?) <br />
<br />
Broadening our focus: social cancer of super-organisms?<br />
<br />
The importance of the immune system in cancer. <br />
<br />
The importance of pure research. <br />
<br />
Classes here at UH: BIOL/MCB 472 Biology of Cancer, Howard Shen.<br />
<br />
=References=<br />
*Aktipis, C. A., Boddy, A. M., Jansen, G., Hibner, U., Hochberg, M. E., Maley, C. C., & Wilkinson, G. S. (2015). Cancer across the tree of life: cooperation and cheating in multicellularity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 370(1673), 20140219.<br />
*Callaway, E. (2015). How elephants avoid cancer. Nature, 1038, 18534.<br />
*Davidich, M. I., & Bornholdt, S. (2008). Boolean network model predicts cell cycle sequence of fission yeast. PloS one, 3(2), e1672.<br />
*[[Hanahan and Weinberg 2000|Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2000). The Hallmarks of Cancer. ''Cell'' 100(1): 57–70.]]<br />
*Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. ''Cell'' 144(5): 646–674.<br />
*Panchin, A. Y., Aleoshin, V. V., & Panchin, Y. V. (2019). From tumors to species: a SCANDAL hypothesis. Biology direct, 14(1), 3.<br />
*Sprinzak, D., Lakhanpal, A., LeBon, L., Garcia-Ojalvo, J., & Elowitz, M. B. (2011). Mutual inactivation of Notch receptors and ligands facilitates developmental patterning. PLoS computational biology, 7(6), e1002069.<br />
*Tyson JJ, Chen K, Novak B. Network dynamics and cell physiology. Natl Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2001;2(12):908–916. doi: 10.1038/35103078.<br />
*Weiss, R. A., & Vogt, P. K. (2011). 100 years of Rous sarcoma virus. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 208(12), 2351-2355.</div>Floyd